{ "_meta": { "title": "人物", "format": "cozlab-atlas/1", "updated": "2026-09-16", "grades": { "A": "正史或同时代、隋唐僧传明确记载", "B": "唐宋文献、宋元方志，或需推算的原始记载", "C": "明清寺志方志、今人记述", "D": "传说、推测或无法核实" } }, "people": [ { "id": "huiyuan", "name": "慧远", "dates": { "text": "334–416", "from": 334, "to": 416 }, "role": "庐山东林寺主，净土念佛结社与「沙门不敬王者」论的代表", "summary": "慧远出身雁门，投道安出家，随师由恒山至襄阳；襄阳陷落后南下，于381年前后止于庐山，386年得东林寺。此后终身不出庐山，却成为东晋南方佛教的精神中心：与罗什书问大乘义理，请佛驮跋陀罗译禅经，接纳流亡长安的僧人，结社念佛，并以《沙门不敬王者论》确立了南朝「沙门不拜俗」的传统。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "334", "from": 334 }, "place": "雁门楼烦（今山西宁武/原平一带）", "ll": [ 112.3, 39.0 ], "event": "出生，俗姓贾", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷六·释慧远传" } }, { "year": { "text": "354", "from": 354 }, "place": "太行恒山（今河北曲阳、阜平一带）", "ll": [ 114.2, 38.9 ], "event": "年二十一，闻道安讲《般若经》，与弟慧持投道安出家", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷六·释慧远传" } }, { "year": { "text": "365", "from": 365 }, "place": "襄阳（今湖北襄阳）", "ll": [ 112.12, 32.01 ], "event": "随道安南下襄阳，居檀溪寺十余年", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷五·释道安传；卷六·释慧远传" } }, { "year": { "text": "378", "from": 378 }, "place": "荆州上明寺（今湖北荆州/松滋一带）", "ll": [ 112.2, 30.3 ], "event": "前秦围襄阳，道安分张徒众；慧远南下，暂住荆州上明寺", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷六·释慧远传" } }, { "year": { "text": "381", "from": 381 }, "place": "庐山西林寺（今江西九江庐山）", "ll": [ 115.98, 29.55 ], "event": "本欲往罗浮，行至浔阳见庐峰清静而止，初住慧永之西林寺。入山年份为学界据道安分张之年推算", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《高僧传》卷六·释慧远传；卷六·释慧永传" } }, { "year": { "text": "386", "from": 386 }, "place": "庐山东林寺", "ll": [ 115.99, 29.56 ], "event": "江州刺史桓伊为其建东林寺；此后「影不出山，迹不入俗」三十余年", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷六·释慧远传" } }, { "year": { "text": "402", "from": 402 }, "place": "庐山东林寺", "ll": [ 115.99, 29.56 ], "event": "与刘遗民、雷次宗等百余人于无量寿像前建斋立誓，期生西方（后世称「白莲社」，「莲社」之名为后起）", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《高僧传》卷六·释慧远传；刘遗民《发愿文》（见《出三藏记集》卷十五《慧远法师传》及《广弘明集》）" } }, { "year": { "text": "404", "from": 404 }, "place": "庐山东林寺", "ll": [ 115.99, 29.56 ], "event": "桓玄令沙门礼敬王者，慧远作《沙门不敬王者论》五篇答之", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《弘明集》卷五《沙门不敬王者论》；《高僧传》卷六·释慧远传" } }, { "year": { "text": "405–409", "from": 405 }, "place": "庐山东林寺", "ll": [ 115.99, 29.56 ], "event": "与长安鸠摩罗什往复通问大乘义（后集为《大乘大义章》）；请佛驮跋陀罗至庐山译《达摩多罗禅经》（410）", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷六·释慧远传；卷二·佛驮跋陀罗传；《出三藏记集》卷九" } }, { "year": { "text": "416", "from": 416 }, "place": "庐山东林寺", "ll": [ 115.99, 29.56 ], "event": "义熙十二年八月卒于东林寺，年八十三", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷六·释慧远传" } } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "zhudaosheng", "name": "竺道生", "dates": { "text": "约355–434", "from": 355, "to": 434 }, "role": "涅槃学者，倡「一阐提皆得成佛」与「顿悟成佛」说", "summary": "道生一生往返于建康、庐山、长安三个中心：少年出家于建康瓦官寺，青年入庐山依慧远，又北上长安从罗什，409年回到建康。他据先出的六卷《泥洹经》推论「阐提亦有佛性」，遭建康旧学摈斥，退居虎丘、庐山；大本《涅槃经》南传后其说得到证实，成为南朝涅槃学与顿悟论的源头。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "约355", "from": 355 }, "place": "巨鹿（今河北巨鹿），家寓彭城（今江苏徐州）", "ll": [ 117.2, 34.27 ], "event": "出生，俗姓魏；父为广戚令，家居彭城", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《高僧传》卷七·竺道生传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约370年代", "from": 370 }, "place": "建康瓦官寺", "ll": [ 118.771, 32.018 ], "event": "幼年依竺法汰出家（法汰时住建康瓦官寺），故姓竺", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷七·竺道生传；卷五·竺法汰传" }, "place_id": "waguan" }, { "year": { "text": "397–404", "from": 397 }, "place": "庐山", "ll": [ 115.98, 29.55 ], "event": "隆安中入庐山，幽栖七年，从慧远及僧伽提婆学", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷七·竺道生传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约405–408", "from": 405 }, "place": "长安（今陕西西安）", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "与慧睿、慧严、慧观同赴长安，从鸠摩罗什受业", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷七·竺道生传" } }, { "year": { "text": "409", "from": 409 }, "place": "建康青园寺（后改龙光寺）", "ll": [ 118.79, 32.03 ], "event": "义熙五年还都，止青园寺（宋文帝时改名龙光寺）；著《二谛论》《佛性当有论》等", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷七·竺道生传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约428", "from": 428 }, "place": "建康", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "据六卷《泥洹经》倡「一阐提皆得成佛」，为旧学所摈，被逐出建康僧团", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷七·竺道生传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约428–430", "from": 428 }, "place": "吴郡虎丘山（今江苏苏州虎丘）", "ll": [ 120.577, 31.337 ], "event": "初投虎丘山，后世传「生公说法，顽石点头」（点头事出后世传说，非《高僧传》所载）", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷七·竺道生传（虎丘）；「顽石点头」见《莲社高贤传》等后出文献", "note": "分级：虎丘 A，点头 D" }, "place_id": "yunyan" }, { "year": { "text": "430", "from": 430 }, "place": "庐山", "ll": [ 115.98, 29.55 ], "event": "元嘉七年入庐山；昙无谶所译大本《涅槃经》传至建康，证实阐提成佛说", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷七·竺道生传" } }, { "year": { "text": "434", "from": 434 }, "place": "庐山精舍", "ll": [ 115.98, 29.55 ], "event": "元嘉十一年十一月于庐山讲席上端坐而卒", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷七·竺道生传" } } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "sengyou", "name": "僧祐", "dates": { "text": "445–518", "from": 445, "to": 518 }, "role": "律学大师、经录与佛教史学奠基者，《出三藏记集》《弘明集》编者", "summary": "僧祐是土生土长的建康僧人，一生活动几乎不出建康与钟山。他在定林上寺建立经藏、整理译经目录，编成中国现存最早的经录《出三藏记集》与护法文献总集《弘明集》，又以工程才能主持剡县石城弥勒大像、光宅寺与摄山大像的营造，是把南朝义学、律学与造像连接起来的关键人物。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "445", "from": 445 }, "place": "建康（祖籍彭城下邳）", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "出生于建康，俗姓俞，其先彭城下邳人", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十一·释僧祐传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约450–458", "from": 450 }, "place": "建康建初寺", "ll": [ 118.787, 32.013 ], "event": "数岁随父母入建初寺礼拜，即不肯还家，遂依僧范出家；十四岁投定林寺法达", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十一·释僧祐传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约465以后", "from": 465 }, "place": "钟山定林上寺", "ll": [ 118.852, 32.072 ], "event": "受具后从法颖精研《十诵律》，长期驻锡定林上寺，造立经藏，搜校卷轴", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十一·释僧祐传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约480年代–502", "from": 480 }, "place": "建康", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "齐竟陵王萧子良、梁武帝先后礼重；受命讲律，白黑门徒万余人；刘勰依之居定林寺十余年", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十一·释僧祐传；《梁书》卷五十·刘勰传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约502–515", "from": 502 }, "place": "钟山定林上寺", "ll": [ 118.852, 32.072 ], "event": "撰成《出三藏记集》十五卷、《弘明集》十四卷、《释迦谱》等（《出三藏记集》最终定本约在515年前后）", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十一·释僧祐传；《出三藏记集》自序" } }, { "year": { "text": "513–516", "from": 513 }, "place": "剡县石城山（今浙江新昌大佛寺）", "ll": [ 120.899, 29.493 ], "event": "受梁武帝敕主持续造剡县石城山弥勒大像（僧护始凿、僧淑续之，僧祐完成，天监十五年毕）；另经始光宅寺丈九无量寿像与摄山（栖霞）大像", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十一·释僧祐传；《高僧传》卷十三·释僧护传" }, "place_id": "dafo" }, { "year": { "text": "518", "from": 518 }, "place": "建康建初寺", "ll": [ 118.787, 32.013 ], "event": "天监十七年五月卒于建初寺，年七十四，葬钟山定林寺", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十一·释僧祐传" } } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "liuxie", "name": "刘勰", "dates": { "text": "约465–约532", "from": 465, "to": 532 }, "role": "《文心雕龙》作者，晚年出家（法名慧地）", "summary": "刘勰的一生系于钟山定林寺：少年依僧祐读经、整理经藏，在此写出《文心雕龙》；入仕后任临川王记室、太末令、东宫通事舍人，晚年奉敕回定林寺撰经，终于出家。他是南朝士人与义学僧团深度交融的典型个案。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "约465", "from": 465 }, "place": "京口（今江苏镇江），籍贯东莞莒（今山东莒县）", "ll": [ 119.45, 32.2 ], "event": "出生。《梁书》记「东莞莒人」为郡望，其家世居京口为学界据宗族材料推定", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《梁书》卷五十·刘勰传；《南史》卷七十二" } }, { "year": { "text": "约485–500", "from": 485 }, "place": "钟山定林上寺", "ll": [ 118.852, 32.072 ], "event": "早孤家贫，依沙门僧祐居定林寺十余年，博通经论，定林寺经藏由其区别部类、录而序之", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《梁书》卷五十·刘勰传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约501–502", "from": 501 }, "place": "建康", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "《文心雕龙》成书，负书干沈约于车前，约取读大重之（成书年份据书中「齐」称推定为齐末）", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《梁书》卷五十·刘勰传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约502–510", "from": 502 }, "place": "建康", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "天监初起家奉朝请，兼中军临川王萧宏记室，迁车骑仓曹参军", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《梁书》卷五十·刘勰传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约510年代", "from": 510 }, "place": "太末（今浙江龙游、衢州一带）", "ll": [ 119.17, 29.03 ], "event": "出为太末令，政有清绩", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《梁书》卷五十·刘勰传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约520年代", "from": 520 }, "place": "建康东宫", "ll": [ 118.79, 32.05 ], "event": "除仁威南康王记室，兼东宫通事舍人；昭明太子萧统爱接之；奉敕撰建康诸寺碑志", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《梁书》卷五十·刘勰传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约530–532", "from": 530 }, "place": "钟山定林上寺", "ll": [ 118.852, 32.072 ], "event": "奉敕与沙门慧震于定林寺撰经，功毕启求出家，燔鬓发以自誓，改名慧地，未期而卒。卒年不详，学界多推定在中大通年间（约532）", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《梁书》卷五十·刘勰传" } } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "baozhi", "name": "宝志（保志）", "dates": { "text": "约418–514", "from": 418, "to": 514 }, "role": "神异僧，梁武帝所礼「志公」，开善寺缘起", "summary": "宝志是建康本地成长的禅僧，宋泰始以后以神异行迹活动于建康街市与宫禁之间，历宋、齐、梁三朝，为梁武帝敬礼。其身后葬于钟山独龙阜并建开善寺，成为南朝帝室在钟山营寺的起点；后世大量「志公」预言与传说多为唐宋以后附会。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "约418", "from": 418 }, "place": "金城（《高僧传》记「金城人」；金城所在有甘肃兰州、南京城郊、句容等说，此取建康近郊）", "ll": [ 119.0, 31.9 ], "event": "出生，俗姓朱。籍贯地点存疑", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《高僧传》卷十·释保志传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约430年代", "from": 430 }, "place": "建康道林寺", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "少年出家，止京师道林寺，从僧俭修习禅业", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷十·释保志传" } }, { "year": { "text": "465–471", "from": 465 }, "place": "建康街巷", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "宋泰始初忽显迹异，居止无定，饮食无时，发长数寸，跣行街巷，执锡杖挂剪刀、镜子等物", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷十·释保志传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约483–493", "from": 483 }, "place": "建康（狱）", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "齐武帝以其惑众，收付建康狱；传其分身狱外与狱中；齐末仍出入宫禁", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷十·释保志传", "note": "分级：收狱 A，分身 D" } }, { "year": { "text": "502–514", "from": 502 }, "place": "建康台城", "ll": [ 118.795, 32.06 ], "event": "梁武帝即位，下诏解禁，任其出入；居华林园、台城", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷十·释保志传" } }, { "year": { "text": "514", "from": 514 }, "place": "钟山独龙阜（今南京灵谷寺一带，梁开善寺旧址）", "ll": [ 118.873, 32.05 ], "event": "天监十三年冬于台后堂无疾而终；敕葬钟山独龙阜，于墓所建开善精舍（开善寺）", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷十·释保志传；《建康实录》卷十七" }, "place_id": "kaishan" } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "zhiyi", "name": "智顗", "dates": { "text": "538–597", "from": 538, "to": 597 }, "role": "天台宗实际创始人（「智者大师」）", "summary": "智顗出身荆州，出家湘州，于大苏山从慧思开悟后进入建康瓦官寺讲学八年，再隐天台十年，陈末重返建康。隋灭陈后西游庐山、荆州，两度赴扬州为晋王杨广授戒撰疏，最后返回天台、圆寂于剡县石城寺。其行迹把建康、天台、剡县、庐山与荆州串成一条线，正是南朝义学向隋唐宗派转化的空间轨迹。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "538", "from": 538 }, "place": "荆州华容（今湖北监利、潜江一带）", "ll": [ 112.9, 29.85 ], "event": "出生，俗姓陈，父起祖仕梁为益阳侯", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十七·释智顗传；灌顶《隋天台智者大师别传》" } }, { "year": { "text": "555", "from": 555 }, "place": "湘州果愿寺（今湖南长沙）", "ll": [ 112.94, 28.2 ], "event": "年十八，投湘州果愿寺法绪出家；后从慧旷律师受具", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《隋天台智者大师别传》；《续高僧传》卷十七" } }, { "year": { "text": "约556–559", "from": 556 }, "place": "大贤山（今湖南衡阳一带，具体山址有争议）", "ll": [ 112.6, 26.9 ], "event": "诣大贤山诵《法华》《无量义》《普贤观》三经，二旬通达", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《隋天台智者大师别传》" } }, { "year": { "text": "560–567", "from": 560 }, "place": "光州大苏山（今河南光山县）", "ll": [ 114.9, 31.99 ], "event": "陈天嘉元年往大苏山依慧思，修法华三昧，得「大苏开悟」", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十七·释智顗传；《隋天台智者大师别传》" } }, { "year": { "text": "567–575", "from": 567 }, "place": "建康瓦官寺", "ll": [ 118.771, 32.018 ], "event": "陈光大元年与法喜等二十七人至金陵，住瓦官寺八年，讲《法华经》《大智度论》、说《次第禅门》，仆射徐陵等师事之", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十七·释智顗传；《隋天台智者大师别传》" }, "place_id": "waguan" }, { "year": { "text": "575–585", "from": 575 }, "place": "天台山佛陇（今浙江天台县）", "ll": [ 121.03, 29.19 ], "event": "太建七年入天台山，于佛陇建修禅寺（陈宣帝敕割始丰县调以充众费），隐修十年", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十七·释智顗传；《国清百录》" } }, { "year": { "text": "585–589", "from": 585 }, "place": "建康光宅寺、灵曜寺", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "陈至德三年应陈后主诏回建康，住灵曜寺，于太极殿、光宅寺讲《法华》（《法华文句》即此时所说）", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十七·释智顗传；《隋天台智者大师别传》" } }, { "year": { "text": "589–590", "from": 589 }, "place": "庐山", "ll": [ 115.98, 29.55 ], "event": "隋灭陈，离建康西上，止庐山东林寺，历游荆湘", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十七·释智顗传；《国清百录》" } }, { "year": { "text": "591", "from": 591 }, "place": "扬州（隋江都，今江苏扬州）", "ll": [ 119.43, 32.4 ], "event": "开皇十一年应晋王杨广请至扬州，于总管府授菩萨戒，杨广奉「智者」之号", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十七·释智顗传；《国清百录》" } }, { "year": { "text": "592–595", "from": 592 }, "place": "荆州当阳玉泉寺（今湖北当阳）", "ll": [ 111.79, 30.8 ], "event": "还乡荆州，建玉泉寺；593年讲《法华玄义》，594年讲《摩诃止观》", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十七·释智顗传；《隋天台智者大师别传》" } }, { "year": { "text": "595", "from": 595 }, "place": "扬州", "ll": [ 119.43, 32.4 ], "event": "再至扬州，为晋王撰《维摩经疏》（《净名疏》）", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《国清百录》；《隋天台智者大师别传》" } }, { "year": { "text": "595–597", "from": 595 }, "place": "天台山", "ll": [ 121.03, 29.19 ], "event": "重返天台，规划国清寺（本名天台寺，寺成于598年，隋炀帝赐额「国清」）", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十七·释智顗传；《国清百录》" } }, { "year": { "text": "597", "from": 597 }, "place": "剡县石城寺（今浙江新昌大佛寺）", "ll": [ 120.899, 29.493 ], "event": "开皇十七年应晋王召赴扬州，行至剡县石城寺，于弥勒大像前示寂，年六十", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十七·释智顗传；《隋天台智者大师别传》" }, "place_id": "dafo" } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "fuxi", "name": "傅翕（傅大士）", "dates": { "text": "497–569", "from": 497, "to": 569 }, "role": "在家居士，「双林树下当来解脱善慧大士」，义乌双林寺开创者", "summary": "傅翕是南朝罕见的在家宗教领袖：以农夫身份在义乌双林结庵，自称弥勒化身，两度与梁武帝接触，在浙东经营双林寺，饥荒中散财赈济。其事迹主要来自唐代楼颖所编《善慧大士录》，正史无传，故各点标 B/C；与达摩相关的「嵩头陀」等说法系传说。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "497", "from": 497 }, "place": "东阳郡乌伤县（今浙江义乌）", "ll": [ 120.07, 29.31 ], "event": "出生于乌伤县稽亭里，以捕鱼、耕作为业", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《善慧大士录》（唐·楼颖编）卷一" } }, { "year": { "text": "约520", "from": 520 }, "place": "义乌松山（双林）", "ll": [ 120.06, 29.2 ], "event": "年二十四，于稽亭塘遇天竺僧嵩头陀，得示宿缘；于松山双梼树下结庵修行，自号「双林树下当来解脱善慧大士」", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《善慧大士录》卷一", "note": "分级：结庵 B，嵩头陀示宿缘 D" }, "place_id": "shuanglin" }, { "year": { "text": "534", "from": 534 }, "place": "义乌 → 建康", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "中大通六年遣弟子傅暀赍书上梁武帝，书中自称「双林树下当来解脱善慧大士」", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《善慧大士录》卷一" } }, { "year": { "text": "535", "from": 535 }, "place": "建康钟山定林寺、重云殿", "ll": [ 118.852, 32.072 ], "event": "大同元年应召入京，先居钟山定林寺，后于重云殿与梁武帝论义讲经；传说梁武帝问「何不论义」，答「王者何论」等对话", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《善慧大士录》卷一", "note": "分级：入京 B，对话细节 C" } }, { "year": { "text": "约536–546", "from": 536 }, "place": "义乌双林", "ll": [ 120.06, 29.2 ], "event": "返回双林，营造双林寺塔（大同六年造九层砖塔）；传创「轮藏」（转轮经藏）之制，事出后世记载", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《善慧大士录》卷一、卷四；「轮藏」见宋《释门正统》等，", "note": "分级：建寺 B，轮藏 D" }, "place_id": "shuanglin" }, { "year": { "text": "548–552", "from": 548 }, "place": "义乌双林", "ll": [ 120.06, 29.2 ], "event": "侯景之乱、浙东饥荒，舍田宅财物赈济，率弟子营斋", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《善慧大士录》卷一" }, "place_id": "shuanglin" }, { "year": { "text": "569", "from": 569 }, "place": "义乌双林", "ll": [ 120.06, 29.2 ], "event": "陈太建元年卒于双林，年七十三；弟子葬其于双林山顶", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《善慧大士录》卷一；《景德传灯录》卷二十七" }, "place_id": "shuanglin" } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "faxian", "name": "法显", "dates": { "text": "约337–约422", "from": 337, "to": 422 }, "role": "西行求法僧，《佛国记》作者，建康道场寺译经", "summary": "法显399年自长安西行，经敦煌、于阗越葱岭入天竺，在巴连弗邑与师子国求得律藏与《泥洹经》，412年海路漂至山东崂山，413年南下建康道场寺，与佛驮跋陀罗译出《摩诃僧祇律》《大般泥洹经》，后者直接引发竺道生的佛性论争。其行迹是江南佛教与海上求法线路连接的关键一环。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "约337", "from": 337 }, "place": "平阳武阳（今山西临汾/襄垣一带）", "ll": [ 111.5, 36.1 ], "event": "出生，俗姓龚，三岁度为沙弥", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷三·释法显传" } }, { "year": { "text": "399", "from": 399 }, "place": "长安（今陕西西安）", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "隆安三年与慧景、道整、慧应、慧嵬等自长安出发西行求律", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷三·释法显传；《法显传》（《佛国记》）" } }, { "year": { "text": "400", "from": 400 }, "place": "敦煌（今甘肃敦煌）", "ll": [ 94.66, 40.14 ], "event": "经张掖、敦煌，度沙河（白龙堆）西行", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《法显传》" } }, { "year": { "text": "401", "from": 401 }, "place": "于阗（今新疆和田）", "ll": [ 79.92, 37.11 ], "event": "至于阗观行像之会，后度葱岭", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《法显传》" } }, { "year": { "text": "约405–409", "from": 405 }, "place": "中天竺巴连弗邑（华氏城，今印度巴特那）", "ll": [ 85.14, 25.6 ], "event": "在摩揭陀巴连弗邑住三年，学梵书梵语，写得《摩诃僧祇律》《萨婆多律抄》《大般泥洹经》等", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《法显传》；《高僧传》卷三" } }, { "year": { "text": "约410–411", "from": 410 }, "place": "师子国（今斯里兰卡阿努拉德普勒）", "ll": [ 80.4, 8.35 ], "event": "自多摩梨帝海口乘商船至师子国，住二年，得《弥沙塞律》《长阿含》《杂阿含》等", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《法显传》" } }, { "year": { "text": "411–412", "from": 411 }, "place": "耶婆提（学界多定为今印尼爪哇或苏门答腊，未定）", "ll": [ 106.8, -6.2 ], "event": "海上遇风，漂至耶婆提停五月，再乘船欲往广州", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《法显传》" } }, { "year": { "text": "412", "from": 412 }, "place": "青州长广郡牢山（今山东青岛崂山）", "ll": [ 120.63, 36.19 ], "event": "义熙八年七月漂至长广郡界牢山南岸登陆，太守李嶷迎之；在青州过冬夏坐", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《法显传》；《高僧传》卷三" } }, { "year": { "text": "413", "from": 413 }, "place": "建康道场寺（今南京中华门外，遗址待考）", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.0 ], "event": "南下建康，住道场寺，与佛驮跋陀罗共译《摩诃僧祇律》（416）、《大般泥洹经》六卷（417–418）等，并撰《佛国记》", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷三·释法显传；《出三藏记集》卷二、卷八" } }, { "year": { "text": "约420–422", "from": 420 }, "place": "荆州辛寺（今湖北荆州）", "ll": [ 112.24, 30.33 ], "event": "欲往荆州，卒于辛寺，年八十六", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《高僧传》卷三·释法显传", "note": "分级：卒地 A，卒年 B" } } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "zhendi", "name": "真谛（拘那罗陀，Paramārtha）", "dates": { "text": "499–569", "from": 499, "to": 569 }, "role": "梁陈之际译经三藏，《摄大乘论》《俱舍论》译者，摄论学派之源", "summary": "真谛应梁武帝之邀从扶南经广州抵达建康，恰逢侯景之乱，此后二十年颠沛于富春、豫章、始兴、晋安、广州之间，在流亡中译出《摄大乘论》《俱舍论》等，奠定摄论学派。其行迹是「南朝译经在战乱中的流亡地图」，与鸠摩罗什在长安的国家译场形成鲜明对照。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "499", "from": 499 }, "place": "西天竺优禅尼国（今印度乌贾因）", "ll": [ 75.79, 23.18 ], "event": "出生，婆罗门种，姓颇罗堕", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷一·拘那罗陀传" } }, { "year": { "text": "约540–545", "from": 540 }, "place": "扶南（今柬埔寨南部）", "ll": [ 104.9, 11.5 ], "event": "游历至扶南；梁武帝遣使张氾送扶南使返国并求名僧与经论，扶南国遣真谛赴梁", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷一·拘那罗陀传", "note": "分级：地点 A，年份 B" } }, { "year": { "text": "546", "from": 546 }, "place": "南海郡（今广东广州）", "ll": [ 113.26, 23.13 ], "event": "大同十二年八月抵南海，携梵本二百四十夹", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷一·拘那罗陀传" } }, { "year": { "text": "548", "from": 548 }, "place": "建康", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "太清二年闰八月至建康，梁武帝于宝云殿迎问，拟置译场；旋遇侯景之乱", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷一·拘那罗陀传" } }, { "year": { "text": "549–551", "from": 549 }, "place": "富春（今浙江杭州富阳）", "ll": [ 119.95, 30.05 ], "event": "避乱至富春，令陆元哲舍宅供养，集沙门宝琼等二十人译《十七地论》，得五卷而止", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷一·拘那罗陀传" } }, { "year": { "text": "552", "from": 552 }, "place": "建康台城正观寺", "ll": [ 118.795, 32.06 ], "event": "侯景请还建康，住台城；景败后于正观寺与愿禅师等译《金光明经》", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷一·拘那罗陀传" } }, { "year": { "text": "553–557", "from": 553 }, "place": "豫章（今江西南昌）、新吴（今江西奉新）、始兴（今广东韶关）", "ll": [ 115.86, 28.68 ], "event": "承圣三年以后辗转豫章宝田寺、新吴美业寺、始兴等地，随处译经；后回南康、豫章", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷一·拘那罗陀传" } }, { "year": { "text": "558–562", "from": 558 }, "place": "晋安（今福建福州）、梁安郡（今福建泉州一带）", "ll": [ 119.3, 26.08 ], "event": "陈永定二年至晋安佛力寺，译《解节经》等；后至梁安郡建造寺译《金刚经》，欲附商船返天竺", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷一·拘那罗陀传" } }, { "year": { "text": "562", "from": 562 }, "place": "广州", "ll": [ 113.26, 23.13 ], "event": "天嘉三年泛海西去，风飘复回广州，刺史欧阳頠父子迎住制旨寺", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷一·拘那罗陀传" } }, { "year": { "text": "563–567", "from": 563 }, "place": "广州制旨寺", "ll": [ 113.26, 23.13 ], "event": "译《摄大乘论》（563）、《俱舍论》（564–567）、《唯识论》等；弟子慧恺、法泰、僧宗等成摄论学派", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷一·拘那罗陀传；《历代三宝纪》卷九" } }, { "year": { "text": "569", "from": 569 }, "place": "广州", "ll": [ 113.26, 23.13 ], "event": "陈太建元年正月十一日卒于广州，年七十一；弟子法准、道尼等携其学北上，摄论学遂传于建康、长安", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《续高僧传》卷一·拘那罗陀传" } } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "damo", "name": "菩提达摩", "dates": { "text": "生卒不详（活动于5世纪末–6世纪前期）" }, "role": "禅宗所尊「东土初祖」；本条仅录文献可考部分，建康见梁武帝、一苇渡江为后世传说", "summary": "达摩最可靠的两条记载均在北方：《洛阳伽蓝记》记其在洛阳永宁寺赞叹九层浮图，《续高僧传》记其先到南方「宋境南越」、后北渡至魏，在嵩洛间以「二入四行」授徒。与梁武帝问答、一苇渡江、少林面壁、葬熊耳山等，均为唐中叶以后禅宗建构祖统时的传说，本数据以 D 级标出，建议地图上以虚线绘制。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "不详" }, "place": "南天竺（《续高僧传》作南天竺婆罗门种；《洛阳伽蓝记》作波斯国胡人。坐标取南印度泛指）", "ll": [ 79.0, 13.0 ], "event": "出身。两种最早记载对籍贯说法相异", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十六·菩提达摩传；《洛阳伽蓝记》卷一·永宁寺" } }, { "year": { "text": "刘宋（420–479）间", "from": 420 }, "place": "南越（今广东广州一带）", "ll": [ 113.26, 23.13 ], "event": "「初达宋境南越」——海路抵达南方。后世所定「普通元年/七年（520/526）」入华说与此不合，《续高僧传》明言在宋境", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十六·菩提达摩传" } }, { "year": { "text": "传说（后世系于520年代）", "from": 520 }, "place": "建康", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.05 ], "event": "【传说】与梁武帝问答「廓然无圣」「并无功德」，机缘不契。此事《续高僧传》《洛阳伽蓝记》均无记载，最早见于8世纪《历代法宝记》，成型于《宝林传》《祖堂集》《景德传灯录》", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《历代法宝记》（约774）；《祖堂集》卷二（952）；《景德传灯录》卷三（1004）" } }, { "year": { "text": "传说" }, "place": "长江（建康—江北）", "ll": [ 118.75, 32.1 ], "event": "【传说】「一苇渡江」北上。属宋以后禅宗灯录与绘画题材，无六朝文献依据", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《景德传灯录》卷三及宋元以后禅宗文献" } }, { "year": { "text": "约516–526", "from": 516 }, "place": "北魏洛阳永宁寺（今河南洛阳汉魏故城）", "ll": [ 112.47, 34.73 ], "event": "「末又北度至魏」；杨衒之记其在永宁寺见九层浮图，「自云年一百五十岁，历涉诸国，靡不周遍，而此寺精丽，阎浮所无也」，口唱南无、合掌连日。永宁寺建于516年、塔毁于534年，故其在洛阳当在此区间", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《洛阳伽蓝记》卷一·永宁寺；《续高僧传》卷十六·菩提达摩传" }, "place_id": "yongning" }, { "year": { "text": "约6世纪前期" }, "place": "嵩山、洛水之间（今河南登封、洛阳）", "ll": [ 112.94, 34.51 ], "event": "「随其所止，诲以禅教」，游化嵩洛；以「二入四行」授慧可、道育。「少林寺面壁九年」为《景德传灯录》以下之说", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十六·菩提达摩传、慧可传；昙林《二入四行论》序", "note": "分级：嵩洛游化 B，面壁九年 D" } }, { "year": { "text": "不详" }, "place": "不详（传说葬熊耳山，今河南宜阳/陕县一带）", "ll": [ 111.4, 34.5 ], "event": "《续高僧传》称「游化为务，不测于终」；「葬熊耳山」「只履西归」为后世传说", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《续高僧传》卷十六；《景德传灯录》卷三（传说）" } } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "huili", "name": "慧理", "dates": { "text": "生卒不详（传为东晋咸和年间人）" }, "role": "杭州灵隐寺传说中的开山祖，西天竺僧", "summary": "慧理与灵隐寺「咸和元年（326）创建」的说法是杭州佛教的标准叙事，但六朝文献（《高僧传》《名僧传抄》《出三藏记集》）均不见其人，最早系统记载见于南宋《咸淳临安志》，距事八百余年。建议在地图上标为「传说性开山」，年份 326 作为传统说法保留并标注 D 级。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "不详" }, "place": "西天竺（泛指今印度西部）", "ll": [ 73.0, 19.0 ], "event": "传为西天竺僧人；《高僧传》《续高僧传》均无传，事迹仅见宋以后方志与寺志", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《咸淳临安志》卷八十（宋·潜说友）；《武林梵志》（明·吴之鲸）" } }, { "year": { "text": "326（传）", "from": 326 }, "place": "钱唐武林山（今杭州灵隐飞来峰）", "ll": [ 120.1015, 30.2408 ], "event": "传咸和元年至武林，见飞来峰叹「此乃中天竺国灵鹫山之小岭，不知何以飞来」，遂于峰前建灵隐寺；又传建有灵鹫、灵山、灵峰等寺", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《咸淳临安志》卷八十；《灵隐寺志》（清·孙治、徐增）" }, "place_id": "lingyin" }, { "year": { "text": "不详" }, "place": "杭州灵隐（传葬于飞来峰下，今「理公塔」为明代重建）", "ll": [ 120.1, 30.24 ], "event": "传示寂后葬于寺侧，现存理公塔为明万历重建", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《灵隐寺志》；现存理公塔铭" }, "place_id": "lingyin" } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "zhiyong", "name": "智永", "dates": { "text": "生卒不详（约6世纪中–7世纪初，陈隋间）" }, "role": "书法僧，王羲之七世孙，《真草千字文》作者，永欣寺（云门寺）住持", "summary": "智永是六朝末期士族入寺的代表：王羲之后裔在会稽云门山永欣寺出家，以三十年临书维系王氏书风，书《真草千字文》八百本散于浙东寺院，并将《兰亭序》真迹传于辩才。其事迹全出唐人笔记（《书断》《兰亭记》《尚书故实》），无六朝文献，年份多不可确考，故整体标 B/C。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "约6世纪初" }, "place": "会稽山阴（今浙江绍兴）", "ll": [ 120.58, 30.0 ], "event": "出生于会稽王氏，俗名王法极，王羲之七世孙，与从弟孝宾（惠欣）同出家", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "张怀瓘《书断》卷中；何延之《兰亭记》（《法书要录》卷三）" } }, { "year": { "text": "陈代（557–589）", "from": 557 }, "place": "会稽云门山永欣寺（今绍兴平水云门寺）", "ll": [ 120.669, 29.923 ], "event": "住永欣寺（本云门寺，因智永、惠欣二僧居此，梁武帝赐名「永欣」，事见何延之《兰亭记》）；闭阁临书三十年，退笔头满五瓮，埋为「退笔冢」，求书者踏穿门限，裹以铁叶（「铁门限」）", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "何延之《兰亭记》；李绰《尚书故实》；张怀瓘《书断》", "note": "分级：住寺 B，退笔冢、铁门限细节 C" }, "place_id": "yunmen" }, { "year": { "text": "陈隋间" }, "place": "浙东诸寺（会稽、吴兴、剡县等，坐标取绍兴）", "ll": [ 120.58, 30.0 ], "event": "书《真草千字文》八百本，分施浙东（江东）诸寺各一本；现存日本小川氏藏墨迹本及西安关中本刻石", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "李绰《尚书故实》；《宣和书谱》卷十七" } }, { "year": { "text": "不详" }, "place": "吴兴（今浙江湖州）永欣寺（异说）", "ll": [ 120.09, 30.87 ], "event": "《尚书故实》称「智永禅师住吴兴永欣寺」，与会稽说不同；学界多以会稽云门为是，吴兴说可能为另一寺或传抄之误，此点存疑", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "李绰《尚书故实》" } }, { "year": { "text": "隋（约600前后）", "from": 600 }, "place": "会稽永欣寺", "ll": [ 120.669, 29.923 ], "event": "临终以家传《兰亭序》真迹付弟子辩才（何延之《兰亭记》所载，唐太宗「萧翼赚兰亭」故事由此出）；卒年不详，年近百岁", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "何延之《兰亭记》" } } ], "topics": [ "liuchao" ] }, { "id": "qianliu", "name": "钱镠", "dates": { "text": "852–932", "from": 852, "to": 932 }, "role": "吴越国开国君主，杭州城市格局与钱塘江海塘的奠基者", "summary": "字具美，杭州临安县人。唐末以乡兵起家，随董昌平定黄巢余部与浙东，景福二年（893）任镇海军节度使，先后筑杭州夹城与罗城，罗城“凡七十里”（《吴越备史》），奠定南宋临安城南依凤凰山、北抵武林门的轮廓。后梁开平元年（907）受封吴越王，龙德三年（923）建吴越国。开平四年（910）八月筑钱塘江捍海塘，《吴越备史》已记其“命强弩以射涛头”，即“钱王射潮”故事所本。又置撩湖兵疏治西湖，保境安民，使杭州成为五代东南最繁盛之都会，卒葬临安县。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "852", "from": 852 }, "place": "杭州临安县石镜乡（今临安区）", "ll": [ 119.72, 30.23 ], "event": "出生，后以贩盐、乡兵起家", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《新五代史》卷六十七《吴越世家第七》", "quote": "长兴三年，镠卒，年八十一，谥曰武肃", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%96%B0%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "原标A；生年据卒年“年八十一”逆推，属推算，改B。“石镜乡”具体乡名本传未载" }, { "year": { "text": "875–887", "from": 875, "to": 887 }, "place": "越州（今绍兴）", "ll": [ 120.58, 30.0 ], "event": "乾符二年（875）随董昌乡兵击王郢；中和二年（882）起攻刘汉宏，破越州；光启三年（887）拜杭州刺史，董昌为越州观察使", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《新五代史》卷六十七《吴越世家第七》", "quote": "光启三年，拜镠左卫大将军、杭州刺史，昌越州观察使", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%96%B0%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "原作878–887、“887年讨刘汉宏”。本传：乾符二年从董昌击王郢，中和二年、四年攻刘汉宏并破越州，光启三年拜杭州刺史。起年改875，讨刘汉宏移至882–886" }, { "year": { "text": "890", "from": 890 }, "place": "杭州凤凰山州治（夹城）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "大顺元年（890）闰九月筑新夹城，环包氏山、秦望山，凡五十余里", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《吴越备史》卷一（大顺元年闰九月条）", "quote": "王命筑新夹城，环包氏山洎秦望山而回，凡五十余里", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E8%BD%BD%E8%AE%B0/%E5%90%B4%E8%B6%8A%E5%A4%87%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "补月份“闰九月”与“凡五十余里”；原“环包凤凰山州治”系意译，《吴越备史》作“环包氏山洎秦望山”。《吴越备史》为北宋初钱氏旧臣所撰，升A" }, { "year": { "text": "893", "from": 893 }, "place": "杭州罗城（北至武林门一带）", "ll": [ 120.165, 30.27 ], "event": "景福二年（893）七月丁丑发十三都兵及役徒二十余万筑罗城，自秦望山东亘江干，至钱塘湖、霍山、范浦，凡七十里", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《吴越备史》卷一（景福二年秋七月丁丑条）；《咸淳临安志》卷十八《城郭》引《资治通鉴》“筑罗城周七十里”", "quote": "新筑罗城，自秦望山，由夹城东亘江干，洎钱塘湖、霍山、范浦，凡七十里", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E8%BD%BD%E8%AE%B0/%E5%90%B4%E8%B6%8A%E5%A4%87%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "年份893与“七十里”核实无误，补月日七月丁丑。“腰鼓城”一名在《吴越备史》《咸淳临安志》城郭条中均未见，已从本条删去，出处待查" }, { "year": { "text": "896–897", "from": 896 }, "place": "越州（今绍兴）", "ll": [ 120.58, 30.0 ], "event": "奉唐命讨平僭号的董昌，兼领镇东、镇海两军节度使", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《新五代史》卷六十七《吴越世家第七》", "quote": "改威胜军为镇东军，拜镠镇海、镇东军节度使", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%96%B0%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "董昌乾宁二年（895）称帝，乾宁三年（896）被擒投水死；年份896–897大致可从" }, { "year": { "text": "907", "from": 907 }, "place": "杭州吴越王府（凤凰山）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "后梁开平元年（907）受封吴越王兼淮南节度使", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《新五代史》卷六十七《吴越世家第七》", "quote": "梁太祖即位，封镠吴越王兼淮南节度使", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%96%B0%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "删去“以杭州为西府”：本传记平董昌后“还治钱塘，号越州为东府”，东西府之称始于896年前后，并非907年受封时所定" }, { "year": { "text": "910", "from": 910 }, "place": "钱塘江捍海塘（候潮门至六和塔一线）", "ll": [ 120.178, 30.228 ], "event": "开平四年（910）八月始筑捍海塘，在候潮、通江门外；以强弩射涛头、祷胥山祠，复建候潮、通江等城门", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《吴越备史》卷二（开平四年八月条）；《咸淳临安志》卷三十一《捍海塘》", "quote": "八月，始筑捍海塘。王因江涛冲激，命强弩以射涛头", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E8%BD%BD%E8%AE%B0/%E5%90%B4%E8%B6%8A%E5%A4%87%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "年份月份核实无误。原注“射潮之说出后世附会”有误：北宋初《吴越备史》已有“命强弩以射涛头”，《咸淳临安志》亦据以录入，可视为宋初已有的神异化记载。“竹笼实石”在两书中均未检得，已删去", "place_id": "gate-houchaomen" }, { "year": { "text": "吴越时期（年份不详）", "from": 907, "to": 978 }, "place": "西湖", "ll": [ 120.148, 30.245 ], "event": "置撩湖兵千人，芟草浚泉，专治西湖", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "苏轼《杭州乞度牒开西湖状》（《东坡全集》卷五十七，元祐五年）；《咸淳临安志》卷三十二“钱氏始置撩湖兵士千人”", "quote": "及钱氏有国置撩湖兵士千人日夜开浚", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E9%9B%86%E8%97%8F/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%88%AB%E9%9B%86/%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86.txt" }, "note": "原作“约927”，宋元文献均未记置撩湖兵的年份，改为吴越时期不详。事见苏轼奏状与《宋史·河渠志七》，因年份无从确定，评B；原引《十国春秋》为清代书，已改用宋代文献" }, { "year": { "text": "898–932", "from": 898, "to": 932 }, "place": "衣锦城（临安县故里）", "ll": [ 119.725, 30.235 ], "event": "光化元年（898）改所居营为衣锦营，旋升衣锦城；天祐四年（907）升安国衣锦军；屡归省宴故老", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《新五代史》卷六十七《吴越世家第七》", "quote": "升衣锦营为衣锦城，石鉴山曰衣锦山，大官山曰功臣山", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%96%B0%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "原作908–932、“升故里为衣锦军”。本传：光化元年名衣锦营，后升衣锦城，天祐四年升安国衣锦军。起年改898" }, { "year": { "text": "932", "from": 932 }, "place": "钱王陵（临安太庙山）", "ll": [ 119.72, 30.24 ], "event": "长兴三年（932）卒于杭州；应顺元年（934）正月葬安国县衣锦乡茅山之原（今钱王陵）", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《吴越备史》卷二；《新五代史》卷六十七（长兴三年卒）", "quote": "敕葬王于安国县衣锦乡（即锦北乡）茅山之原", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E8%BD%BD%E8%AE%B0/%E5%90%B4%E8%B6%8A%E5%A4%87%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "补葬年：《吴越备史》记应顺元年（934）正月壬午葬，并非932年卒当年下葬" }, { "year": { "text": "1077（北宋追祀）", "from": 1077 }, "place": "表忠观（今柳浪闻莺钱王祠一带）", "ll": [ 120.158, 30.248 ], "event": "熙宁十年赵抃奏以龙山废佛祠为表忠观祀钱氏，苏轼撰《表忠观碑》；明代迁建于涌金门外", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "苏轼《表忠观碑》（《东坡全集》卷八十六）；《咸淳临安志》卷七十五《表忠观》“在城南龙山”", "quote": "熈宁十年十月戊子资政殿大学士右谏议大夫知杭州军州事臣抃言故吴越国王钱氏坟庙", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E9%9B%86%E8%97%8F/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%88%AB%E9%9B%86/%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86.txt" } } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "qianchu", "name": "钱俶", "dates": { "text": "929–988", "from": 929, "to": 988 }, "role": "吴越末代国王，纳土归宋", "summary": "原名弘俶，钱镠之孙。后汉乾祐元年（948）胡进思废钱倧后被拥立。在位三十年奉中原正朔，崇信佛教，于杭州广建寺塔：延寿主持的慧日永明院（净慈寺）、开宝三年（970）六和塔、为黄妃所建的雷峰塔（西关砖塔，塔记称977年前后建成），灵隐寺亦由其重兴。太平兴国三年（978）入汴，献所部十三州一军，吴越国除，杭州由此以和平方式入宋，城市未遭兵燹，为后来南宋定都保存了基础。卒于南阳（邓州）。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "929", "from": 929 }, "place": "杭州吴越王府（凤凰山）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "出生，钱元瓘第九子", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百八十《世家三·吴越钱氏》", "quote": "俶以天成四年八月二十四日生", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "948", "from": 948 }, "place": "杭州吴越王府（凤凰山）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "胡进思废钱倧，迎立钱俶", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《新五代史》卷六十七《吴越世家第七》", "quote": "是夕拥卫兵废倧，囚于义和院，迎俶立之", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%96%B0%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "废倧在开运四年岁除之夜（公历948年初），与“948”相合" }, { "year": { "text": "954", "from": 954 }, "place": "慧日永明院（今净慈寺）", "ll": [ 120.151, 30.2295 ], "event": "建慧日永明院，后请永明延寿住持", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《咸淳临安志》卷七十八《寺观四·报恩光孝禅寺（即净慈）》", "quote": "显德元年建号慧日永明院", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86/%E5%92%B8%E6%B7%B3%E4%B8%B4%E5%AE%89%E5%BF%97.txt" }, "place_id": "jingci" }, { "year": { "text": "960", "from": 960 }, "place": "灵隐寺", "ll": [ 120.1015, 30.2408 ], "event": "请延寿重兴灵隐，扩建殿宇", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《灵隐寺志》（明清）" }, "unverified": "查《咸淳临安志》卷七十八至八十寺观诸条、《宋史·吴越钱氏世家》、《吴越备史》，均未见钱俶请延寿重兴灵隐的记载", "place_id": "lingyin" }, { "year": { "text": "970", "from": 970 }, "place": "六和塔（月轮山）", "ll": [ 120.1296, 30.2003 ], "event": "开宝三年命延寿建六和塔以镇江潮", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《咸淳临安志》卷八十二《佛塔·六和塔》", "quote": "开宝三年智觉禅师延寿始于钱氏南果园开山建塔因即其地造寺以镇江潮", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86/%E5%92%B8%E6%B7%B3%E4%B8%B4%E5%AE%89%E5%BF%97.txt" }, "place_id": "liuhe" }, { "year": { "text": "约972–977", "from": 972 }, "place": "雷峰塔（西关砖塔，夕照山）", "ll": [ 120.1488, 30.2313 ], "event": "钱俶为黄妃建塔（跋称“塔曰黄妃”），塔成刻《华严经》围绕八面；2001年地宫出土文物", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "钱俶《华严经跋》（《咸淳临安志》卷八十二《佛塔·雷峰塔》“记文”收录）", "quote": "塔之成日又镌华严诸经围绕八面", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86/%E5%92%B8%E6%B7%B3%E4%B8%B4%E5%AE%89%E5%BF%97.txt" }, "note": "删去“为黄妃得子建塔”：跋文与《咸淳临安志》仅称“钱氏妃于此建塔故又名黄妃”，未提得子。所检跋文中也没有纪年，“约972–977”保留原推定", "place_id": "leifeng" }, { "year": { "text": "975", "from": 975 }, "place": "常州、润州一线", "ll": [ 119.97, 31.81 ], "event": "奉宋命出兵攻南唐常州", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百八十《世家三·吴越钱氏》", "quote": "八年，俶率兵拔常州，加守太师", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "年份核实无误：开宝八年（975）攻拔常州，原文系“拔”而非仅“出兵攻”" }, { "year": { "text": "978", "from": 978 }, "place": "东京开封府", "ll": [ 114.35, 34.79 ], "event": "太平兴国三年五月上表献十三州一军，纳土归宋，封淮海国王", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四《太宗纪一》（太平兴国三年五月乙酉）", "quote": "钱俶献其两浙诸州，凡得州十三、军一、县八十六", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "988", "from": 988 }, "place": "南阳（邓州）", "ll": [ 112.09, 32.69 ], "event": "端拱元年徙封邓王，同年八月卒于南阳", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百八十《世家三·吴越钱氏》", "quote": "俶以天成四年八月二十四日生，至是八月二十四日卒", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "核实：雍熙四年出为武胜军节度（邓州），端拱元年徙封邓王，八月二十四日暴卒，年六十" }, { "year": { "text": "988", "from": 988 }, "place": "洛阳", "ll": [ 112.45, 34.72 ], "event": "葬洛阳", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百八十《世家三·吴越钱氏》", "quote": "命中使护其丧归葬洛阳", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "《宋史》明载“归葬洛阳”，由B升A。“北邙”原文未载，已从地名中删去" } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "sushi", "name": "苏轼", "dates": { "text": "1037–1101", "from": 1037, "to": 1101 }, "role": "北宋文学家，两度仕杭，疏浚西湖、筑苏堤", "summary": "字子瞻，号东坡，眉州眉山人。熙宁四年（1071）因与王安石新法不合请外，通判杭州至熙宁七年（1074），协助知州陈襄修复钱塘六井，遍游西湖、孤山、灵隐，作《饮湖上初晴后雨》等名篇。元祐四年（1089）以龙图阁学士知杭州，赈济饥疫、设病坊（后称安乐坊）；五年（1090）上《杭州乞度牒开西湖状》，募民开湖，以葑泥筑南北长堤，杭人名为苏公堤；六年（1091）召还。杭州是其诗文与政绩的双重高峰，苏堤至今为西湖骨架。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1037", "from": 1037 }, "place": "眉州眉山", "ll": [ 103.85, 30.08 ], "event": "出生", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《宋史》卷三百三十八《苏轼传》", "quote": "建中靖国元年，卒于常州，年六十六", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "生年据卒年逆推，原标A，改B" }, { "year": { "text": "1057", "from": 1057 }, "place": "东京开封府", "ll": [ 114.35, 34.79 ], "event": "嘉祐二年进士及第", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百三十八《苏轼传》", "quote": "嘉祐二年，试礼部", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1071–1074", "from": 1071 }, "place": "杭州通判厅（凤凰山州治）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "熙宁四年十一月到任杭州通判", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "王宗稷《东坡先生年谱》熙宁四年辛亥条（《东坡全集》卷首）；《宋史·苏轼传》“轼遂请外，通判杭州”", "quote": "十一月到任有初到杭州寄子由两絶", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E9%9B%86%E8%97%8F/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%88%AB%E9%9B%86/%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1071", "from": 1071 }, "place": "孤山", "ll": [ 120.147, 30.2565 ], "event": "腊日游孤山，访惠勤、惠思二僧", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "王宗稷《东坡先生年谱》（《东坡全集》卷首）", "quote": "腊月逰孤山访恵勤恵恩二僧有诗", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E9%9B%86%E8%97%8F/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%88%AB%E9%9B%86/%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86.txt" }, "note": "宋人王宗稷年谱把此诗系在熙宁五年（1072）条下；今人孔凡礼系于熙宁四年十二月腊日（公历已入1072年初）。暂保留1071，两说并存" }, { "year": { "text": "1072", "from": 1072 }, "place": "望湖楼（今断桥—宝石山麓）", "ll": [ 120.152, 30.258 ], "event": "六月二十七日作《望湖楼醉书》", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《东坡全集》卷二；系年据王宗稷、孔凡礼年谱", "quote": "六月二十七日望湖楼醉书五首", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E9%9B%86%E8%97%8F/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%88%AB%E9%9B%86/%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1073", "from": 1073 }, "place": "钱塘六井（相国井一带）", "ll": [ 120.172, 30.256 ], "event": "协助陈襄修复六井，后作《钱塘六井记》", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "苏轼《钱塘六井记》（《东坡全集》卷三十五）", "quote": "明年春六井毕脩而嵗适大旱", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E9%9B%86%E8%97%8F/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%88%AB%E9%9B%86/%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86.txt" }, "note": "记云“熙寜五年秋太守陈公述古始至”，次年（1073）春六井修毕，与原条相合" }, { "year": { "text": "1074–1079", "from": 1074 }, "place": "密州、徐州、湖州", "ll": [ 119.4, 35.99 ], "event": "移知密州，继知徐州、湖州", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百三十八《苏轼传》", "quote": "每因法以便民，民赖以安。徙知密州", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1080–1084", "from": 1080 }, "place": "黄州", "ll": [ 114.88, 30.45 ], "event": "乌台诗案后贬黄州团练副使", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百三十八《苏轼传》", "quote": "神宗独怜之，以黄州团练副使安置", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1089–1091", "from": 1089 }, "place": "杭州州治（凤凰山）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "元祐四年（1089）以龙图阁学士知杭州，七月三日到任；赈饥疫，裒羡缗并出私金五十两作病坊", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百三十八《苏轼传》；王宗稷年谱“以七月三日到杭州任”", "quote": "请外，拜龙图阁学士、知杭州", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "“安乐坊”一名《宋史》未见，本传作“以作病坊”，已改。补到任日期七月三日（据宋人年谱）" }, { "year": { "text": "1090", "from": 1090 }, "place": "西湖苏堤（南屏—北山）", "ll": [ 120.14, 30.245 ], "event": "上《乞开杭州西湖状》，募民浚湖，葑泥筑长堤", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百三十八《苏轼传》；苏轼《杭州乞度牒开西湖状》（《东坡全集》卷五十七，元祐五年四月二十九日）", "quote": "又取葑田积湖中，南北径三十里，为长堤以通行者", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "奏状在四库本《东坡全集》中题作《杭州乞度牒开西湖状》，署元祐五年四月二十九日。“杭人名为苏公堤”见本传" }, { "year": { "text": "1094–1100", "from": 1094 }, "place": "惠州、儋州", "ll": [ 114.41, 23.11 ], "event": "绍圣以后远贬惠州、儋州", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百三十八《苏轼传》", "quote": "贬宁远军节度副使，惠州安置", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1101", "from": 1101 }, "place": "常州", "ll": [ 119.97, 31.81 ], "event": "北归途中卒于常州", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百三十八《苏轼传》", "quote": "建中靖国元年，卒于常州，年六十六", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "zhaogou", "name": "赵构（宋高宗）", "dates": { "text": "1107–1187", "from": 1107, "to": 1187 }, "role": "南宋开国皇帝，升杭州为临安府并定都行在", "summary": "宋徽宗第九子。靖康之变后于建炎元年（1127）在应天府即位，一路南逃扬州、杭州。建炎三年（1129）在杭州遭苗刘兵变，同年升杭州为临安府；冬金兵南下，航海避敌至明州、温州，兀术入杭焚掠。绍兴二年（1132）自越州还临安，以凤凰山原州治改建大内；绍兴八年（1138）正式定都。任用秦桧达成绍兴和议，杀岳飞。绍兴三十二年（1162）内禅孝宗，退居以秦桧旧第改建的德寿宫（北内）二十五年，卒葬会稽永思陵。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1107", "from": 1107 }, "place": "东京开封府", "ll": [ 114.35, 34.79 ], "event": "出生", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十四《高宗纪一》", "quote": "大观元年五月乙巳生东京之大内", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1127", "from": 1127 }, "place": "应天府（南京，今商丘）", "ll": [ 115.65, 34.41 ], "event": "建炎元年五月即位", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十四《高宗纪一》", "quote": "五月庚寅朔，帝登坛受命，礼毕恸哭", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1127–1129", "from": 1127 }, "place": "扬州", "ll": [ 119.42, 32.39 ], "event": "驻跸扬州，建炎三年二月金兵奔袭，仓皇渡江", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十五《高宗纪二》（建炎三年二月壬子）", "quote": "内侍邝询报金兵至，帝被甲驰幸镇江府", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "出处改为《宋史·高宗纪二》，原引《系年要录》卷二十未核" }, { "year": { "text": "1129", "from": 1129 }, "place": "杭州州治（凤凰山）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "建炎三年三月苗傅、刘正彦兵变，逼帝禅位于皇子旉；四月戊申朔复位；同年七月辛卯升杭州为临安府", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十五《高宗纪二》", "quote": "夏四月戊申朔，太后下诏还政，皇帝复大位", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1129–1130", "from": 1129 }, "place": "明州、温州（航海避敌）", "ll": [ 121.55, 29.87 ], "event": "金兵渡江，自越州奔明州，乘舟入海，泊台州章安、温州", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《建炎以来系年要录》卷三十一（建炎四年正月）；《宋史》卷二十五“帝乘楼船次定海县”", "quote": "丙午早上御舟次章安镇", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E7%BC%96%E5%B9%B4/%E5%BB%BA%E7%82%8E%E4%BB%A5%E6%9D%A5%E7%B3%BB%E5%B9%B4%E8%A6%81%E5%BD%95.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1130–1132", "from": 1130 }, "place": "越州（绍兴府）", "ll": [ 120.58, 30.0 ], "event": "驻跸越州，改元绍兴，升越州为绍兴府", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十六《高宗纪三》（同年十月己丑“升越州为绍兴府”）", "quote": "绍兴元年春正月己亥朔，帝在越州", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1132", "from": 1132 }, "place": "临安大内（凤凰山）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "绍兴二年正月还临安，以州治为行宫", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十七《高宗纪四》（绍兴二年正月）", "quote": "壬寅，帝发绍兴。曹成释向子諲。丙午，帝至临安府", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1137", "from": 1137 }, "place": "建康府", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.06 ], "event": "移跸建康，议进取未果", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十八《高宗纪五》（绍兴七年三月）", "quote": "辛未，帝至建康", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "补月份：绍兴七年三月辛未至建康" }, { "year": { "text": "1138", "from": 1138 }, "place": "临安大内（凤凰山）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "绍兴八年二月自建康还临安，自此定都行在", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十九《高宗纪六》（绍兴八年二月）", "quote": "癸亥，帝发建康。丙寅，以胡安国《春秋传》成书，进宝文阁直学士。戊寅，帝至临安", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1141–1142", "from": 1141 }, "place": "临安大内", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "与金议和，杀岳飞", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十九《高宗纪六》（绍兴十一年十二月）", "quote": "癸巳，赐岳飞死于大理寺", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1162–1187", "from": 1162 }, "place": "德寿宫（望仙桥东，北内）", "ll": [ 120.177, 30.248 ], "event": "绍兴三十二年六月内禅，退居德寿宫", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三十二《高宗纪九》；《建炎以来系年要录》卷二百“名望仙桥东新宫曰德寿”", "quote": "帝称太上皇帝，退处德寿宫", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "place_id": "deshougong" }, { "year": { "text": "1187", "from": 1187 }, "place": "永思陵（会稽宝山，今宋六陵）", "ll": [ 120.73, 29.92 ], "event": "淳熙十四年十月崩于德寿宫，葬永思陵", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三十二《高宗纪九》", "quote": "淳熙十四年十月乙亥，崩于德寿殿，年八十一", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "崩年月核实。《宋史》本纪称其后才“欑于会稽之永思陵”，并不在崩年当年" } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "yuefei", "name": "岳飞", "dates": { "text": "1103–1142", "from": 1103, "to": 1142 }, "role": "南宋抗金名将，冤死于临安大理寺狱", "summary": "字鹏举，相州汤阴人。建炎、绍兴间屡破金兵，绍兴十年（1140）郾城、颍昌大捷，进军朱仙镇，被十二道金牌召回。十一年（1141）被收兵权，改枢密副使，旋遭秦桧诬陷下大理寺狱。绍兴十一年十二月二十九日（公历1142年1月27日）赐死狱中，子岳云、部将张宪弃市。狱卒隗顺负尸葬于北山。孝宗即位（1162）诏复官，以礼改葬栖霞岭；淳熙六年（1179）谥武穆，嘉泰四年（1204）追封鄂王，嘉定十四年（1221）以智果院为功德寺，即今岳庙。其临安故宅（钱塘县西）后改为太学、国子监。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1103", "from": 1103 }, "place": "相州汤阴", "ll": [ 114.36, 35.92 ], "event": "出生", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百六十五《岳飞传》", "quote": "岳飞，字鹏举，相州汤阴人", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1130", "from": 1130 }, "place": "建康（牛头山）", "ll": [ 118.73, 31.92 ], "event": "邀击兀术，收复建康", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百六十五《岳飞传》", "quote": "兀术趋建康，飞设伏牛头山待之", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "本传作“牛头山”（即牛首山），地名按原文改" }, { "year": { "text": "1134–1141", "from": 1134 }, "place": "鄂州（今武昌）", "ll": [ 114.3, 30.55 ], "event": "收复襄阳六郡后长期屯驻鄂州", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十八《高宗纪五》（绍兴六年）", "quote": "岳飞以孤军无援，复还鄂州", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1140", "from": 1140 }, "place": "郾城", "ll": [ 114.01, 33.59 ], "event": "郾城大捷", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十九《高宗纪六》（绍兴十年七月）", "quote": "己酉，岳飞及兀术战于郾城县，败之", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1140", "from": 1140 }, "place": "朱仙镇", "ll": [ 114.29, 34.62 ], "event": "进军至朱仙镇，旋奉诏班师", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百六十五《岳飞传》", "quote": "飞进军朱仙镇，距汴京四十五里", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "《宋史》本传明载进军朱仙镇，由B升A；战果细节仍有学界争议" }, { "year": { "text": "1141", "from": 1141 }, "place": "临安岳飞宅（钱塘县西，后为太学、国子监）", "ll": [ 120.169, 30.259 ], "event": "四月罢兵权，授枢密副使，居临安", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十九《高宗纪六》（绍兴十一年四月壬辰）；宅址见《咸淳临安志》卷七“钱塘县西岳飞宅”", "quote": "以世忠、俊并为枢密使，飞枢密副使", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "《咸淳临安志》卷七、卷十一记宅在“钱塘县西”，后改建国子监、太学（前洋街）；“众安桥”为今人定位，文献未见，已从地名中删去", "place_id": "taixue" }, { "year": { "text": "1142", "from": 1142 }, "place": "临安大理寺狱（时在钱塘门内）", "ll": [ 120.162, 30.258 ], "event": "绍兴十一年十二月二十九日（1142年1月27日）赐死", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《建炎以来系年要录》卷一百四十三（绍兴十一年十二月癸巳）；《宋史》卷二十九；大理寺址见《咸淳临安志》卷六", "quote": "癸巳岳飞赐死于大理寺", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E7%BC%96%E5%B9%B4/%E5%BB%BA%E7%82%8E%E4%BB%A5%E6%9D%A5%E7%B3%BB%E5%B9%B4%E8%A6%81%E5%BD%95.txt" }, "note": "日期核实：绍兴十一年十二月癸巳（公历1142年1月27日）。地点有误：据《咸淳临安志》卷六，大理寺“中兴初在钱塘门内，绍兴二十年……徙今处（仁和县西）”，小车桥一带为1150年后的新址，岳飞遇害时大理寺在钱塘门内。“风波亭”一名宋元文献未检得，已删去，坐标随之移至钱塘门内", "place_id": "dalisi" }, { "year": { "text": "1142", "from": 1142 }, "place": "北山九曲丛祠（钱塘门外）", "ll": [ 120.155, 30.263 ], "event": "狱卒隗顺负尸密葬", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "明田汝成《西湖游览志》卷八", "quote": "狱卒隗顺负飞尸逾城至九曲丛祠潜瘗之", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B9%96%E6%B8%B8%E8%A7%88%E5%BF%97.txt" }, "place_id": "gate-qiantangmen" }, { "year": { "text": "1162–1163", "from": 1162 }, "place": "栖霞岭岳坟", "ll": [ 120.143, 30.26 ], "event": "孝宗诏复原官，以礼改葬栖霞岭", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三十三《孝宗纪一》（绍兴三十二年）；卷三百六十五", "quote": "追复岳飞元官，以礼改葬", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1221", "from": 1221 }, "place": "褒忠衍福禅寺（今岳庙）", "ll": [ 120.143, 30.26 ], "event": "嘉定十四年以智果观音院为功德寺", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "明《西湖游览志》卷八；《咸淳临安志》卷七十九目录有“褒忠衍福院”", "quote": "废智果院为祠赐额曰褒忠衍福寺", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B9%96%E6%B8%B8%E8%A7%88%E5%BF%97.txt" }, "unverified": "《咸淳临安志》卷七十九只在目录中列有“褒忠衍福院”，没有检到正文，嘉定十四年（1221）赐额的年份未能证实；《西湖游览志》也不载年份" } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "qinhui", "name": "秦桧", "dates": { "text": "1090–1155", "from": 1090, "to": 1155 }, "role": "南宋宰相，主持绍兴和议，赐第望仙桥", "summary": "字会之，江宁人。靖康中随二帝北迁，建炎四年（1130）自金营南归，次年拜相，旋罢。绍兴八年（1138）再相，力主和议，十一年（1141）收三大将兵权、签订绍兴和议，并构陷岳飞致死。此后独相十八年。绍兴十五年（1145）高宗赐第于临安望仙桥东，旁建家庙，门庭显赫。二十五年（1155）卒于府第。其宅后收归官府，改建为高宗退居的德寿宫。今岳庙前有秦桧夫妇等跪像，为明代以后所铸。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1090", "from": 1090 }, "place": "江宁府", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.06 ], "event": "出生", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《宋史》卷四百七十三《奸臣三·秦桧传》", "quote": "是夜，桧卒，年六十六", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "生年据卒年逆推，改B" }, { "year": { "text": "1127", "from": 1127 }, "place": "东京开封府", "ll": [ 114.35, 34.79 ], "event": "靖康之变随徽钦二帝被掳北去", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百七十三《秦桧传》", "quote": "初，二帝北迁，桧与傅、叔夜、何栗，司马朴从至燕山，又徙韩州", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1127–1130", "from": 1127 }, "place": "金境（燕山、上京一带）", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "在金营，后随挞懒", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百七十三《秦桧传》", "quote": "会金主吴乞买以桧赐其弟挞懒为任用", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1130", "from": 1130 }, "place": "楚州涟水军", "ll": [ 119.14, 33.5 ], "event": "建炎四年携家南归，自称杀监者夺舟", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百七十三《秦桧传》；卷二十六《高宗纪三》", "quote": "建炎四年十月甲辰，桧与妻王氏及婢仆一家，自军中取涟水军水砦航海归行在", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "出处改为《宋史》，原引《系年要录》卷三十八未核" }, { "year": { "text": "1130–1132", "from": 1130 }, "place": "越州行在", "ll": [ 120.58, 30.0 ], "event": "绍兴元年任参知政事、右仆射，次年罢相", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷二十六《高宗纪三》（绍兴元年二月）", "quote": "辛巳，以秦桧参知政事", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1138–1155", "from": 1138 }, "place": "临安都堂（大内和宁门外）", "ll": [ 120.166, 30.231 ], "event": "再相，主持和议，独相十八年", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百七十三《秦桧传》", "quote": "桧两据相位者，凡十九年", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "本传作“两据相位者凡十九年”（含绍兴元年至二年首次任相）；绍兴八年十月赵鼎罢后才“秦桧独相”（《宋史·职官志》），独相实约十七年，原作“十八年”略有出入", "place_id": "gate-heningmen" }, { "year": { "text": "1141–1142", "from": 1141 }, "place": "临安大理寺", "ll": [ 120.166, 30.268 ], "event": "兴岳飞狱", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《建炎以来系年要录》卷一百四十三", "quote": "有旨岳飞特赐死张宪岳云并依军法施行", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E7%BC%96%E5%B9%B4/%E5%BB%BA%E7%82%8E%E4%BB%A5%E6%9D%A5%E7%B3%BB%E5%B9%B4%E8%A6%81%E5%BD%95.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1145", "from": 1145 }, "place": "望仙桥赐第", "ll": [ 120.176, 30.245 ], "event": "绍兴十五年四月丙子朔赐甲第，戊寅迁居；第在望仙桥东，后改筑德寿宫", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《建炎以来系年要录》卷一百五十三（绍兴十五年四月）；《咸淳临安志》卷二《德寿宫》“在望仙桥东……即秦桧旧第筑新宫”", "quote": "夏四月丙子朔赐太师秦桧甲第一区", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E7%BC%96%E5%B9%B4/%E5%BB%BA%E7%82%8E%E4%BB%A5%E6%9D%A5%E7%B3%BB%E5%B9%B4%E8%A6%81%E5%BD%95.txt" }, "note": "赐第年月核实无误，由B升A。《要录》未提地名，“望仙桥东”依《咸淳临安志》卷二德寿宫条；“并建家庙”一事未检得，已删去", "place_id": "wangxianqiao" }, { "year": { "text": "1155", "from": 1155 }, "place": "望仙桥府第", "ll": [ 120.176, 30.245 ], "event": "绍兴二十五年十月卒", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百七十三《秦桧传》", "quote": "是夜，桧卒，年六十六", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "place_id": "wangxianqiao" }, { "year": { "text": "1155", "from": 1155 }, "place": "建康府（葬地）", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.0 ], "event": "归葬建康", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "〔方志〕明清方志" }, "unverified": "查《宋史·秦桧传》《建炎以来系年要录》，未检得归葬建康的记载" } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "liqingzhao", "name": "李清照", "dates": { "text": "1084–约1155", "from": 1084, "to": 1155 }, "role": "宋代女词人，南渡后流寓临安并终老于此", "summary": "号易安居士，齐州章丘人，赵明诚妻。靖康后南渡，建炎三年（1129）明诚卒于建康，她携金石书画追随高宗行踪流徙越州、明州、台州、温州，文物散佚大半。绍兴二年（1132）至杭州，再嫁张汝舟，旋讼离，系狱九日得解。绍兴四年（1134）作《金石录后序》，同年避兵金华，作《打马图经》《武陵春》。约次年返临安，此后长居，曾进帖子词；晚年居所具体坊巷史无明文。卒年诸家考订不一，一般定在1155年以后。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1084", "from": 1084 }, "place": "齐州章丘（明水）", "ll": [ 117.53, 36.68 ], "event": "出生", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "李清照《金石录后序》（《金石录》卷三十末）；生年据此推算", "quote": "余自少陆机作赋之二年至过蘧瑗知非之两岁三十四年之间", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95/%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E5%BD%95.txt" }, "unverified": "宋代文献没有直接记载生年，“1084”是今人根据后序中的年岁推算的" }, { "year": { "text": "1101–1107", "from": 1101 }, "place": "东京开封府", "ll": [ 114.35, 34.79 ], "event": "适赵明诚，居汴京", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "李清照《金石录后序》", "quote": "余建中辛巳始归赵氏", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95/%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E5%BD%95.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1107–1127", "from": 1107 }, "place": "青州", "ll": [ 118.48, 36.69 ], "event": "屏居青州十余年，归来堂校书", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "李清照《金石录后序》", "quote": "后屏居乡里十年仰取俯拾衣食有余", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95/%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E5%BD%95.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1128–1129", "from": 1128 }, "place": "建康府", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.06 ], "event": "南渡至江宁，建炎三年八月明诚卒于建康", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "李清照《金石录后序》", "quote": "八月十八日遂不起取笔作诗絶笔而终", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95/%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E5%BD%95.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1129–1130", "from": 1129 }, "place": "越州、明州、台州、温州", "ll": [ 120.7, 28.0 ], "event": "追随高宗行在流徙", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "李清照《金石录后序》", "quote": "到台台守已遁之剡出睦又弃衣被走黄岩雇舟入海犇行在", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95/%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E5%BD%95.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1132", "from": 1132 }, "place": "临安（城内寓所，具体不详）", "ll": [ 120.172, 30.243 ], "event": "绍兴二年至杭，再嫁张汝舟，旋讼离", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《建炎以来系年要录》卷五十八（绍兴二年九月）；《金石录后序》“壬子又赴杭”", "quote": "张汝舟属吏以汝舟妻李氏讼其妄增举数入官也", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E7%BC%96%E5%B9%B4/%E5%BB%BA%E7%82%8E%E4%BB%A5%E6%9D%A5%E7%B3%BB%E5%B9%B4%E8%A6%81%E5%BD%95.txt" }, "note": "《要录》绍兴二年九月明载李氏讼张汝舟，后序亦云“壬子（1132）又赴杭”，由B升A，是流寓临安最直接的证据" }, { "year": { "text": "1134", "from": 1134 }, "place": "临安", "ll": [ 120.172, 30.243 ], "event": "作《金石录后序》（作年有绍兴二年、四年两说）", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "李清照《金石录后序》署款", "quote": "绍兴二年玄黓岁壮月朔甲寅易安室题", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95/%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E5%BD%95.txt" }, "note": "本文本署“绍兴二年（玄）黓岁壮月朔甲寅”，今人或据“甲寅”及文中年岁推为绍兴四年（1134）。两说并存，暂仍系于1134" }, { "year": { "text": "1134–1135", "from": 1134 }, "place": "金华（婺州），双溪", "ll": [ 119.65, 29.08 ], "event": "避金兵至金华，作《打马图经》《武陵春》", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "李清照《打马图经序》；《武陵春》", "quote": "闻说双溪春尚好，也拟泛轻舟" }, "unverified": "殆知阁本《说郛》只收《打马图》目录，未检得序文中避难金华的原文，也没有找到宋代史籍记载" }, { "year": { "text": "约1135–1155", "from": 1135 }, "place": "临安（晚年寓所，坊巷不详）", "ll": [ 120.172, 30.243 ], "event": "返临安长居，曾进帖子词", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "黄墨谷、徐培均年谱考订" }, "unverified": "查《建炎以来系年要录》《金石录》，未检得绍兴五年以后长居临安的宋代记载" } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "luyou", "name": "陆游", "dates": { "text": "1125–1210", "from": 1125, "to": 1210 }, "role": "南宋诗人，多次入临安应试、任职", "summary": "字务观，号放翁，越州山阴人。绍兴二十三年（1153）赴临安锁厅试第一，因名列秦桧孙秦埙之前，次年礼部试被黜。秦桧死后入仕，绍兴末任敕令所删定官、枢密院编修官，孝宗赐进士出身。乾道间入蜀，从王炎幕于南郑。淳熙十三年（1186）春召对临安，客居砖街巷（今孩儿巷一带）作《临安春雨初霁》，旋知严州。其后任军器少监、礼部郎中；嘉泰二年（1202）入临安修孝宗、光宗两朝实录，次年归山阴，终老三山。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1125", "from": 1125 }, "place": "淮河舟中（生），籍山阴", "ll": [ 120.58, 30.0 ], "event": "出生", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《宋史》卷三百九十五《陆游传》；于北山《陆游年谱》", "quote": "嘉定二年卒，年八十五", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "生年据卒年逆推；“淮河舟中”出生一说出自陆游自述，本传未载" }, { "year": { "text": "1153–1154", "from": 1153 }, "place": "临安贡院（锁厅试、礼部试）", "ll": [ 120.172, 30.262 ], "event": "锁厅试第一，因居秦埙之前，次年礼部试被黜", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《宋史》卷三百九十五《陆游传》", "quote": "锁厅荐送第一，秦桧孙埙适居其次，桧怒，至罪主司", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "本传没有写年份，1153–1154据年谱推定，由A改B" }, { "year": { "text": "1158", "from": 1158 }, "place": "福州宁德", "ll": [ 119.53, 26.66 ], "event": "任宁德主簿", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《宋史》卷三百九十五《陆游传》", "quote": "桧死，始赴福州宁德簿", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1160–1163", "from": 1160 }, "place": "临安（敕令所、枢密院）", "ll": [ 120.166, 30.232 ], "event": "任敕令所删定官、枢密院编修官，孝宗赐进士出身", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百九十五《陆游传》", "quote": "孝宗即位，迁枢密院编修官兼编类圣政所检讨官", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1172", "from": 1172 }, "place": "南郑（王炎宣抚司）", "ll": [ 107.03, 33.07 ], "event": "入王炎幕，亲临前线", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《宋史》卷三百九十五《陆游传》", "quote": "王炎宣抚川、陕，辟为干办公事", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "本传无年份，1172据年谱，改B" }, { "year": { "text": "1173–1178", "from": 1173 }, "place": "成都", "ll": [ 104.07, 30.66 ], "event": "入范成大幕，号放翁", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《宋史》卷三百九十五《陆游传》", "quote": "范成大帅蜀，游为参议官，以文字交，不拘礼法", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "范成大帅蜀在淳熙二年（1175），陆游入范幕应从1175算起；1173–1175年间陆游在蜀州、嘉州等地任职（据年谱），本传无年份，改B" }, { "year": { "text": "1186", "from": 1186 }, "place": "临安（寓所，一说砖街巷）", "ll": [ 120.17, 30.263 ], "event": "淳熙十三年春召对，作《临安春雨初霁》", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "陆游《临安春雨初霁》（《剑南诗稿》卷十七）；《夜归塼街巷书事》（卷二十一）", "quote": "小楼一夜听春雨深巷明朝卖杏花", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E9%9B%86%E8%97%8F/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%88%AB%E9%9B%86/%E5%89%91%E5%8D%97%E8%AF%97%E8%97%81.txt" }, "note": "《临安春雨初霁》诗中没有提到寓所。“塼街巷”一名见于卷二十一《夜归塼街巷书事》，那是稍后在京任职时所作，把1186年的寓所定在砖街巷属推定" }, { "year": { "text": "1186–1188", "from": 1186 }, "place": "严州（今建德梅城）", "ll": [ 119.53, 29.55 ], "event": "知严州", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百九十五《陆游传》", "quote": "起知严州，过阙，陛辞", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1188–1190", "from": 1188, "to": 1190 }, "place": "临安（军器监、礼部）", "ll": [ 120.17, 30.245 ], "event": "任军器少监、礼部郎中，被劾罢归", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百九十五《陆游传》", "quote": "除军器少监。　　绍熙元年，迁礼部郎中兼实录院检讨官", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "本传把迁礼部郎中系于绍熙元年（1190），年谱作淳熙十六年（1189），两说并存，止年改为1190" }, { "year": { "text": "1202–1203", "from": 1202 }, "place": "临安国史院", "ll": [ 120.166, 30.232 ], "event": "嘉泰二年修孝宗、光宗实录，次年致仕", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百九十五《陆游传》", "quote": "嘉泰二年，以孝宗、光宗两朝实录及三朝史未就，诏游权同修国史", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1210", "from": 1210 }, "place": "山阴三山别业（镜湖）", "ll": [ 120.53, 29.99 ], "event": "嘉定二年十二月卒（公历1210年初），作《示儿》", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷三百九十五《陆游传》", "quote": "嘉定二年卒，年八十五", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "卒年见本传。“十二月”及《示儿》系卒前绝笔，出自年谱" } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "xinqiji", "name": "辛弃疾", "dates": { "text": "1140–1207", "from": 1140, "to": 1207 }, "role": "南宋词人、将领，自金境南归，多次在临安行在任职召对", "summary": "字幼安，号稼轩，齐州历城人。生于金境，绍兴三十一年（1161）参加耿京义军，次年奉表南归，旋率五十骑擒叛将张安国献俘行在。乾道元年（1165）上《美芹十论》；乾道六年（1170）孝宗于延和殿召对，作《九议》，任司农寺主簿；淳熙元年（1174）前后任仓部郎官，均在临安。其后历任江西、湖北、湖南、福建等路帅漕，屡遭弹劾，退居上饶带湖、铅山瓢泉。嘉泰三年（1203）知绍兴府，次年入临安召见，出知镇江府，作《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》。开禧三年（1207）卒于铅山。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1140", "from": 1140 }, "place": "济南历城", "ll": [ 117.0, 36.67 ], "event": "生于金境", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一《辛弃疾传》（绍兴三十二年）；陈思《稼轩先生年谱》", "quote": "弃疾时年二十三", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "生年据绍兴三十二年“时年二十三”推算，改B" }, { "year": { "text": "1161–1162", "from": 1161 }, "place": "东平（耿京义军）", "ll": [ 116.3, 35.9 ], "event": "聚众二千人投耿京，任掌书记", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一《辛弃疾传》", "quote": "弃疾为掌书记，即劝京决策南向", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "“聚众二千人”本传未载，出自他书，保留存疑" }, { "year": { "text": "1162", "from": 1162 }, "place": "建康行宫", "ll": [ 118.78, 32.06 ], "event": "奉表南归，高宗劳师建康召见；旋擒张安国献俘行在", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一《辛弃疾传》", "quote": "京令弃疾奉表归宋，高宗劳师建康，召见，嘉纳之", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "本传明载绍兴三十二年奉表至建康召见，并擒张安国献俘行在，由B升A" }, { "year": { "text": "1165", "from": 1165 }, "place": "临安行在", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "上《美芹十论》", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "陈思《稼轩先生年谱》绍兴十八年条按语", "quote": "按干道乙酉进美芹十论札子", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E4%BC%A0%E8%AE%B0/%E7%A8%BC%E8%BD%A9%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E5%B9%B4%E8%B0%B1.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1170", "from": 1170 }, "place": "临安大内延和殿", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "孝宗召对，迁司农寺主簿，上《九议》", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一《辛弃疾传》", "quote": "六年，孝宗召对延和殿", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "本传明载乾道六年延和殿召对，由B升A" }, { "year": { "text": "1172–1173", "from": 1172 }, "place": "滁州", "ll": [ 118.32, 32.3 ], "event": "知滁州，宽征薄赋", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一《辛弃疾传》", "quote": "迁司农寺主簿，出知滁州", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1174–1175", "from": 1174, "to": 1175 }, "place": "临安（户部仓部）", "ll": [ 120.17, 30.24 ], "event": "任仓部郎官，次年出为江西提点刑狱", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一《辛弃疾传》；陈思《稼轩先生年谱》系于淳熙二年", "quote": "召见，迁仓部郎官、提点江西刑狱", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "本传无年份，陈思年谱系于淳熙二年（1175），止年改1175" }, { "year": { "text": "1182–1192", "from": 1182 }, "place": "信州上饶带湖", "ll": [ 117.97, 28.46 ], "event": "被劾落职，退居带湖", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "陈思《稼轩先生年谱》淳熙九年壬寅条", "quote": "词　沁园春带湖新居将成", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E4%BC%A0%E8%AE%B0/%E7%A8%BC%E8%BD%A9%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E5%B9%B4%E8%B0%B1.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1203–1204", "from": 1203 }, "place": "绍兴府（浙东安抚使）", "ll": [ 120.58, 30.0 ], "event": "知绍兴府兼浙东安抚使", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一《辛弃疾传》（“无”为原文讹字）", "quote": "起知绍兴府兼浙东安无使", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1204", "from": 1204 }, "place": "临安行在", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "嘉泰四年正月召见，言金必乱必亡，出知镇江", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百七十四《奸臣四·韩侂胄传》；卷四百一《辛弃疾传》（“宁宗召见，言盐法”）", "quote": "会辛弃疾入见，言敌国必乱必亡，愿属元老大臣预为应变计", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "“言金必乱必亡”见《宋史·韩侂胄传》，由B升A。本传另记此次召见“言盐法”" }, { "year": { "text": "1205", "from": 1205 }, "place": "镇江府（北固亭）", "ll": [ 119.45, 32.22 ], "event": "作《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "陈思《稼轩先生年谱》嘉泰四年甲子条；邓广铭《稼轩词编年笺注》系开禧元年", "quote": "词　永遇乐京口北固亭怀古", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E4%BC%A0%E8%AE%B0/%E7%A8%BC%E8%BD%A9%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E5%B9%B4%E8%B0%B1.txt" }, "note": "陈思年谱把此词列在嘉泰四年（1204）条，邓广铭系于开禧元年（1205），两说并存" }, { "year": { "text": "1207", "from": 1207 }, "place": "铅山瓢泉", "ll": [ 117.71, 28.31 ], "event": "开禧三年九月卒", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "陈思《稼轩先生年谱》开禧三年条（引辛启泰年谱）", "quote": "九月初十日卒葬铅山县南十五里阳源山", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E4%BC%A0%E8%AE%B0/%E7%A8%BC%E8%BD%A9%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E5%B9%B4%E8%B0%B1.txt" }, "note": "《宋史》本传没有卒年月，开禧三年九月出自年谱，由A改B" } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "zhuxi", "name": "朱熹", "dates": { "text": "1130–1200", "from": 1130, "to": 1200 }, "role": "南宋理学集大成者，绍熙五年在临安任经筵侍讲，立朝四十余日", "summary": "字元晦，号晦庵，徽州婺源籍，生于南剑州尤溪。绍兴十八年（1148）登进士第，赴临安应试。隆兴元年（1163）入临安奏对，力陈复仇大义；淳熙十五年（1188）延和殿奏事。其一生立朝时间极短。绍熙五年（1194）宁宗即位，经赵汝愚荐，自潭州召为焕章阁待制兼侍讲，十月入临安讲《大学》，屡上疏论韩侂胄干政，闰十月被内批罢去，《宋史》称“立朝才四十日”（据年谱日期推算约四十六日）。随后庆元党禁起，道学被斥为伪学，庆元六年（1200）卒于建阳考亭。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1130", "from": 1130 }, "place": "南剑州尤溪", "ll": [ 118.19, 26.17 ], "event": "出生", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《宋史》卷四百二十九《道学三·朱熹传》", "quote": "明年卒，年七十一", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "生年据卒年推算，改B" }, { "year": { "text": "1148", "from": 1148 }, "place": "临安（礼部贡院）", "ll": [ 120.172, 30.262 ], "event": "绍兴十八年登进士第", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百二十九《朱熹传》", "quote": "年十八贡于乡，中绍兴十八年进士第", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1163", "from": 1163 }, "place": "临安大内", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "隆兴元年入对，言讲学、复仇", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百二十九《朱熹传》", "quote": "隆兴元年，复召。入对", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "“垂拱殿”一名在《宋史》本传和《朱子年谱》中均未检得，已从地名中删去" }, { "year": { "text": "1170–1178", "from": 1170 }, "place": "建阳寒泉精舍、云谷", "ll": [ 118.12, 27.33 ], "event": "著述讲学，编《近思录》", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "清王懋竑《朱子年谱》卷四附录", "quote": "寒泉坞曰寒泉精舍", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E4%BC%A0%E8%AE%B0/%E6%9C%B1%E5%AD%90%E5%B9%B4%E8%B0%B1.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1179–1181", "from": 1179 }, "place": "南康军白鹿洞书院", "ll": [ 115.98, 29.45 ], "event": "知南康军，兴复白鹿洞书院", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百二十九《朱熹传》", "quote": "访白鹿洞书院遗址，奏复其旧", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1188", "from": 1188 }, "place": "临安大内延和殿", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "淳熙十五年入奏", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《朱子年谱》卷三（淳熙十五年）；《宋史》本传“十五年，淮罢相，遂入奏”", "quote": "六月壬申奏事延和殿", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E4%BC%A0%E8%AE%B0/%E6%9C%B1%E5%AD%90%E5%B9%B4%E8%B0%B1.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1194", "from": 1194 }, "place": "潭州（知州兼荆湖南路安抚使）", "ll": [ 112.94, 28.23 ], "event": "知潭州，修岳麓书院，八月被召", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百二十九《朱熹传》", "quote": "未几，差知潭州，力辞", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1194", "from": 1194 }, "place": "临安大内经筵（讲筵所）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "十月以焕章阁待制兼侍讲进讲《大学》，闰十月罢，立朝四十六日", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百二十九《朱熹传》；《朱子年谱》卷三“冬十月己丑入国门”“（闰十月）丙子晚讲是日御批除宫观”", "quote": "仕于外者仅九考，立朝才四十日", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "《宋史》本传与黄榦《行状》都作“立朝四十日”，原文并无“四十六日”。据《朱子年谱》，十月己丑入国门，闰十月丙子御批除宫观、戊寅付下，首尾约四十六至四十八日，“四十六日”是按这些日期推算出来的" }, { "year": { "text": "1194", "from": 1194 }, "place": "临安城南六和塔（自潭州赴召入都时）", "ll": [ 120.1296, 30.2003 ], "event": "自潭州赴召入都，至六和塔，永嘉诸贤集议；罢侍讲后“出灵芝寺遂行”，十一月戊戌至玉山", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "清王懋竑《朱子年谱》卷三（绍熙五年，引旧谱）", "quote": "及至六和塔永嘉诸贤俱集各陈所欲施行之防纷然不决", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E4%BC%A0%E8%AE%B0/%E6%9C%B1%E5%AD%90%E5%B9%B4%E8%B0%B1.txt" }, "note": "原作罢侍讲后出都、经浙江亭渡江。《朱子年谱》记六和塔在入都途中，离都时是“得旨免谢出灵芝寺遂行”，经玉山归闽，并未记浙江亭。已改为入都事，地点与坐标改作六和塔", "place_id": "liuhe" }, { "year": { "text": "1200", "from": 1200 }, "place": "建阳考亭沧洲精舍", "ll": [ 118.12, 27.33 ], "event": "庆元六年三月卒", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百二十九《朱熹传》", "quote": "申乞致仕，五年，依所请。明年卒，年七十一", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "wentianxiang", "name": "文天祥", "dates": { "text": "1236–1283", "from": 1236, "to": 1283 }, "role": "南宋末年丞相，出使元营被扣，抗元殉国", "summary": "字宋瑞，号文山，吉州吉水人（《宋史》本传；旧以州望称庐陵）。宝祐四年（1256）于临安集英殿廷试第一。德祐元年（1275）在赣州起兵勤王，入卫临安。德祐二年（1276）正月伯颜兵临皋亭山，太皇太后谢氏奉表请降，十九日文天祥除右丞相兼枢密使，二十日赴元营明因寺谈判，抗辩被扣。二月随祈请使北上，至镇江脱逃，经真州、扬州、通州浮海至温州，追随益王、广王继续抗元。祥兴元年（1278）在海丰五坡岭被俘，押赴大都囚禁三年，至元十九年十二月初九（1283年1月9日）就义于柴市。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1236", "from": 1236 }, "place": "吉州吉水县富田（今吉安市青原区富田镇）", "ll": [ 114.99, 27.11 ], "event": "出生", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一十八《文天祥传》", "quote": "文天祥，字宋瑞，又字履善，吉之吉水人也", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "本传作“吉之吉水人”，并非庐陵；富田宋属吉水县。《四库提要》作“庐陵人”，是以州望称" }, { "year": { "text": "1256", "from": 1256 }, "place": "临安大内集英殿", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "宝祐四年理宗亲擢第一", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一十八《文天祥传》", "quote": "年二十举进士，对策集英殿", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1275", "from": 1275 }, "place": "赣州", "ll": [ 114.93, 25.83 ], "event": "德祐元年知赣州，起兵勤王", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一十八《文天祥传》", "quote": "德祐初，江上报急，诏天下勤王。天祥捧诏涕泣", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "本传记咸淳十年（1274）已“改知赣州”，德祐元年（1275）在赣州起兵勤王" }, { "year": { "text": "1275", "from": 1275 }, "place": "平江府", "ll": [ 120.62, 31.3 ], "event": "知平江府，旋奉命撤回临安", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一十八《文天祥传》", "quote": "八月，天祥提兵至临安，除知平江府", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1276", "from": 1276 }, "place": "临安大内（除右丞相）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "正月十九日除右丞相兼枢密使", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "文天祥《纪年录》（《文山集》卷二十一）", "quote": "十九日早除枢密使午除右丞相兼枢密使都督诸路军马", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E9%9B%86%E8%97%8F/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%88%AB%E9%9B%86/%E6%96%87%E5%B1%B1%E9%9B%86.txt" }, "note": "引文出自《纪年录》；《指南录后序》在本文本中未检得“正月十九日”原句，出处已改" }, { "year": { "text": "1276", "from": 1276 }, "place": "皋亭山元营（明因寺）", "ll": [ 120.235, 30.345 ], "event": "赴伯颜营议事，抗论被扣留", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷九《世祖纪六》（至元十三年正月）；《宋史》本传“与大元丞相伯颜抗论皋亭山”", "quote": "来见伯颜于明因寺。伯颜顾文天祥举动不常，疑有异志", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%85%83%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "“明因寺”见《元史·世祖纪六》，不在《伯颜传》，出处已改" }, { "year": { "text": "1276", "from": 1276 }, "place": "镇江（京口）", "ll": [ 119.45, 32.2 ], "event": "二月末随祈请使北行，至京口夜遁", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "文天祥《指南录后序》（《文山集》卷十八）", "quote": "至京口留旬日始得盐商小舟于二月晦夜走真州", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E9%9B%86%E8%97%8F/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%88%AB%E9%9B%86/%E6%96%87%E5%B1%B1%E9%9B%86.txt" }, "note": "二月初八（一作初九）随祈请使北行，二月晦夜自京口脱走" }, { "year": { "text": "1276", "from": 1276 }, "place": "真州、通州", "ll": [ 120.86, 32.01 ], "event": "历真州、扬州，至通州浮海南下", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "文天祥《指南录后序》（《文山集》卷十八）", "quote": "脱京口趍真州扬州髙邮泰州通州为一巻", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E9%9B%86%E8%97%8F/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%88%AB%E9%9B%86/%E6%96%87%E5%B1%B1%E9%9B%86.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1276", "from": 1276 }, "place": "温州", "ll": [ 120.66, 28.03 ], "event": "至温州，赴福州投益王", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一十八《文天祥传》", "quote": "募二樵者以蒉荷天祥至高邮，泛海至温州", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "“江心屿”在本传和《指南录》自序中均未检得，已从地名中删去" }, { "year": { "text": "1278", "from": 1278 }, "place": "海丰五坡岭", "ll": [ 115.32, 22.97 ], "event": "祥兴元年十二月被张弘范部俘", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一十八《文天祥传》", "quote": "天祥方饭五坡岭，张弘范兵突至", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1279", "from": 1279 }, "place": "崖山（零丁洋）", "ll": [ 113.08, 22.25 ], "event": "押至崖山，作《过零丁洋》", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "文天祥《过零丁洋》（《文山集》卷十九《指南后录》一）", "quote": "零丁洋里叹零丁人生自古谁无死留取丹心照汗青", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E9%9B%86%E8%97%8F/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%88%AB%E9%9B%86/%E6%96%87%E5%B1%B1%E9%9B%86.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1283", "from": 1283 }, "place": "大都柴市", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.94 ], "event": "至元十九年十二月初九（公历1283年1月9日）就义", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《宋史》卷四百一十八《文天祥传》", "quote": "天祥临刑殊从容，谓吏卒曰：「吾事毕矣。」南乡拜而死", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2.txt" }, "note": "本传只写至元十九年就义、年四十七，不载日期；“十二月初九”出自后世年谱" } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "zhoumi", "name": "周密", "dates": { "text": "1232–1298", "from": 1232, "to": 1298 }, "role": "宋元之际文人，《武林旧事》《癸辛杂识》作者，入元后寓居杭州", "summary": "字公谨，号草窗、弁阳老人，祖籍济南，生于湖州。少随父宦游，长期出入临安，与杨缵、张枢等词人结社于西湖，熟谙宫廷典礼与都城风物。宋末据传任义乌县令等职（待考）。宋亡不仕，至元中湖州弁山家业毁于兵，移居杭州癸辛街杨氏（杨沂中后人）宅，以书画金石自遣，追忆临安旧事撰《武林旧事》十卷，记朝廷典礼、节序、市井伎艺，又著《癸辛杂识》记杨琏真迦发陵等时事，是研究南宋临安最重要的亲历者文献之一。卒年一说1298，一说1308。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1232", "from": 1232 }, "place": "湖州（吴兴）", "ll": [ 120.09, 30.89 ], "event": "出生", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "夏承焘《周草窗年谱》" }, "unverified": "查《齐东野语》自序（自称“齐人”，祖籍济南）、《癸辛杂识》序，未检得生年记载" }, { "year": { "text": "1250s–1260s", "from": 1250 }, "place": "临安西湖（杨缵西湖吟社）", "ll": [ 120.15, 30.25 ], "event": "随杨缵等结社唱和，作《木兰花慢》西湖十景词", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "周密《齐东野语》卷十八《琴繁声为郑卫》（紫霞翁即杨缵）；夏承焘《周草窗年谱》", "quote": "往时，余客紫霞翁之门。翁知音妙天下", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%AD%90%E8%97%8F/%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/%E9%BD%90%E4%B8%9C%E9%87%8E%E8%AF%AD.txt" }, "note": "《齐东野语》可证周密出入杨缵（紫霞翁）门下；“西湖吟社”及《木兰花慢》十景词未在所检文本中查到" }, { "year": { "text": "1260s–1270s", "from": 1260 }, "place": "临安城内", "ll": [ 120.172, 30.243 ], "event": "任两浙运司掾属等，出入都城，亲见典礼", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "夏承焘《周草窗年谱》" }, "unverified": "查《癸辛杂识》《齐东野语》《武林旧事》序，未检得任两浙运司掾属的记载" }, { "year": { "text": "约1274–1276", "from": 1274 }, "place": "婺州义乌", "ll": [ 120.07, 29.31 ], "event": "任义乌县令，宋亡去官", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "夏承焘《周草窗年谱》" }, "unverified": "在《癸辛杂识》《齐东野语》中检索“义乌”，没有找到任义乌令的记载" }, { "year": { "text": "1276–1280s", "from": 1276 }, "place": "湖州弁山", "ll": [ 120.02, 30.93 ], "event": "弁阳故居毁于兵乱", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "周密《癸辛杂识》序署款", "quote": "弁阳老人周宻戏书于道迩斋", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%AD%90%E8%97%8F/%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/%E7%99%B8%E8%BE%9B%E6%9D%82%E8%AF%86.txt" }, "unverified": "序文只能证明周密自号弁阳老人，“弁阳故居毁于兵乱”没有在序中检得" }, { "year": { "text": "约1280s–1298", "from": 1283 }, "place": "杭州癸辛街（位置待考）", "ll": [ 120.172, 30.24 ], "event": "寓居杭州，著《癸辛杂识》《武林旧事》《齐东野语》", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "周密《癸辛杂识》序；《四库提要》“以作于杭州之癸辛街因以为名”", "quote": "癸辛盖余所居里云", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%AD%90%E8%97%8F/%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/%E7%99%B8%E8%BE%9B%E6%9D%82%E8%AF%86.txt" }, "note": "序文可证居癸辛里；“杨氏宅”与“城南”在序中未见，已从地名中删去" }, { "year": { "text": "约1290", "from": 1290 }, "place": "杭州（凤凰山故宫遗址一带追忆）", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "《武林旧事》约成书，追记临安宫廷与市井", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "周密《武林旧事》序（署四水潜夫）", "quote": "青灯永夜，时一展卷，恍然类昨日事", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86/%E6%AD%A6%E6%9E%97%E6%97%A7%E4%BA%8B.txt" }, "note": "序文没有纪年，“约1290”成书属推定，由B改C" }, { "year": { "text": "1298", "from": 1298 }, "place": "杭州", "ll": [ 120.172, 30.243 ], "event": "卒（一说1308）", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "周密《癸辛杂识》（书中所记最晚年份为戊戌，即1298）", "quote": "戊戌七月武城蝗自北来蔽映天日", "url": "https://github.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/blob/master/%E5%AD%90%E8%97%8F/%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/%E7%99%B8%E8%BE%9B%E6%9D%82%E8%AF%86.txt" }, "unverified": "没有检得周密卒年的直接记载；书中有戊戌（1298）七月条，只能说明周密至少活到1298年，“1298/1308”两说都没有核实" } ], "topics": [ "linan" ] }, { "id": "marcopolo", "name": "马可·波罗", "dates": { "text": "1254–1324", "from": 1254, "to": 1324 }, "role": "威尼斯商人，《行纪》称其到访“行在”（Kinsay/Quinsai）", "summary": "威尼斯人，按其口述、鲁斯蒂谦笔录的《行纪》，1271年随父叔东行，约1275年抵上都觐见忽必烈，在元廷任事十七年，约1291年自泉州护送阔阔真公主出海西归。《行纪》用长篇描写“行在”（Kinsay，即前南宋临安、元杭州）：城周约百里、桥梁一万二千（显属夸张）、西湖游船、十大市集、浴堂、宫城旧址与繁盛商税，是欧洲关于杭州最早的详细记载。其是否亲至中国存在争议：Frances Wood（1995）质疑；杨志玖据《永乐大典·站赤》使者名单、Hans Ulrich Vogel（2013）据货币盐政细节论证其可信。本条按主流说法记录，路线年份多为推算。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1254", "from": 1254 }, "place": "威尼斯", "ll": [ 12.34, 45.44 ], "event": "出生", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可波罗行纪》冯承钧译本序；〔今人〕今人研究" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" }, { "year": { "text": "1271", "from": 1271 }, "place": "阿迦（Acre）", "ll": [ 35.07, 32.93 ], "event": "随父尼古拉、叔马菲奥东行", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可波罗行纪》第一卷" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" }, { "year": { "text": "约1275", "from": 1275 }, "place": "上都（开平）", "ll": [ 116.18, 42.36 ], "event": "觐见忽必烈", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可波罗行纪》第一卷" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" }, { "year": { "text": "约1275–1290", "from": 1275 }, "place": "大都", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.91 ], "event": "留仕元廷，奉使各地", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可波罗行纪》第二卷" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" }, { "year": { "text": "1275（自述）", "from": 1275 }, "place": "上都（今内蒙古正蓝旗）", "ll": [ 116.18, 42.36 ], "event": "自述随父、叔抵上都觐见忽必烈", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可·波罗行纪》（冯承钧译）序章；学界有争议" } }, { "year": { "text": "约1280（自述）", "from": 1280 }, "place": "涿州（Giogiu）", "ll": [ 115.97, 39.49 ], "event": "自述自大都南行，经涿州，记其为丝绸之城", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可·波罗行纪》第一三三章前后" }, "place_id": "zhuozhou" }, { "year": { "text": "约1280（自述）", "from": 1280 }, "place": "临清（Lingiu）", "ll": [ 115.7, 36.85 ], "event": "记临清有大河，船舶往来运货甚众", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可·波罗行纪》第一三六章前后" }, "place_id": "linqing" }, { "year": { "text": "约1280（自述）", "from": 1280 }, "place": "济宁（Singiu matu）", "ll": [ 116.59, 35.41 ], "event": "记济宁有大河分为南北两支，舟船之多为世所罕见", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可·波罗行纪》第一三七章前后" }, "place_id": "jining" }, { "year": { "text": "约1280（自述）", "from": 1280 }, "place": "淮安（Coigangiu／Cangiu）", "ll": [ 119.02, 33.5 ], "event": "记淮安为蛮子省入口大城，居黄河（时黄河夺淮）岸，盐产丰饶", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可·波罗行纪》第一四三章前后（一作 Cangiu）" }, "place_id": "huaian" }, { "year": { "text": "约1280（自述）", "from": 1280 }, "place": "高邮（Cauyu）、宝应（Paukin）", "ll": [ 119.44, 32.78 ], "event": "记宝应、高邮为运河沿线产盐产鱼之城", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可·波罗行纪》第一四四章前后" }, "place_id": "gaoyou" }, { "year": { "text": "约1280（自述）", "from": 1280 }, "place": "镇江（Chinghianfu）", "ll": [ 119.45, 32.2 ], "event": "记镇江有聂斯托利派基督教堂两所", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可·波罗行纪》第一四九章前后" }, "place_id": "jingkou" }, { "year": { "text": "约1280（自述）", "from": 1280 }, "place": "苏州（Sugiu）", "ll": [ 120.62, 31.3 ], "event": "记苏州桥梁众多、丝绸繁盛", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可·波罗行纪》第一五一章前后" }, "place_id": "wujun" }, { "year": { "text": "约1280（自述）", "from": 1280 }, "place": "杭州（Quinsai／行在）", "ll": [ 120.15, 30.27 ], "event": "记杭州为世界最富丽之城，运河、桥梁与盐课", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可·波罗行纪》第一五二章前后" }, "place_id": "qiantang" }, { "year": { "text": "1280s（自称）", "from": 1282 }, "place": "扬州", "ll": [ 119.42, 32.39 ], "event": "自称治扬州三年（学界多疑为夸大）", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《马可波罗行纪》第二卷“扬州城”章" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" }, { "year": { "text": "约1282—1285（自述）", "from": 1282 }, "place": "扬州（Yangiu）", "ll": [ 119.42, 32.39 ], "event": "自称奉大汗命治理扬州三年；中国史料无载，最受质疑之处", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《马可·波罗行纪》第一四七章前后；元代文献无载" }, "place_id": "guangling" }, { "year": { "text": "1280s", "from": 1285 }, "place": "行在 Kinsay（杭州）", "ll": [ 120.172, 30.25 ], "event": "描写行在城、西湖、市集、桥梁与前宋宫殿", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可波罗行纪》第二卷“行在城”章；到访真实性有争议" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" }, { "year": { "text": "1280s", "from": 1285 }, "place": "西湖（Kinsay湖）", "ll": [ 120.148, 30.245 ], "event": "记湖中二岛宫殿、游船宴乐", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可波罗行纪》第二卷“行在城”章" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" }, { "year": { "text": "1280s", "from": 1285 }, "place": "凤凰山前宋宫城遗址", "ll": [ 120.163, 30.226 ], "event": "记述已故“蛮子王”宫殿之宏丽", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《马可波罗行纪》第二卷" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" }, { "year": { "text": "约1291", "from": 1291 }, "place": "泉州（刺桐 Zaiton）", "ll": [ 118.59, 24.91 ], "event": "护送阔阔真公主出海西归（与《永乐大典·站赤》所载使者吻合）", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "杨志玖《关于马可波罗离华的一段汉文记载》（据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八）" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" }, { "year": { "text": "1291", "from": 1291 }, "place": "泉州", "ll": [ 118.59, 24.91 ], "event": "自述自泉州登舟护送阔阔真西行；杨志玖据《站赤》1290年记载佐证", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《永乐大典》卷一九四一八引《经世大典·站赤》（杨志玖考证，未核原文）" } }, { "year": { "text": "1295", "from": 1295 }, "place": "威尼斯", "ll": [ 12.34, 45.44 ], "event": "返抵威尼斯", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "〔今人〕今人研究" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" }, { "year": { "text": "1298–1299", "from": 1298 }, "place": "热那亚狱中", "ll": [ 8.93, 44.41 ], "event": "口述、鲁斯蒂谦笔录成书", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《行纪》序言" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" }, { "year": { "text": "1324", "from": 1324 }, "place": "威尼斯", "ll": [ 12.34, 45.44 ], "event": "卒", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "威尼斯遗嘱档案（今人研究）" }, "unverified": "殆知阁未收《马可波罗行纪》，也没有找到可以访问的译本全文；《元史》中未检得马可·波罗之名。杨志玖所据《永乐大典》卷一九四一八也未能取得原文" } ], "topics": [ "linan", "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "fuchai", "name": "夫差", "dates": { "text": "?—前473", "from": -520, "to": -473 }, "role": "春秋吴王，邗沟开凿者", "summary": "春秋末年吴国国君，阖闾之子。前494年败越于夫椒后转而北争中原，为把江南舟师与军粮运到淮河流域，于前486年在广陵筑邗城、开邗沟，沟通长江与淮河，是大运河最早有明确纪年的一段。前484年艾陵大胜齐军，前482年又在商、鲁之间开深沟（菏水）通济、沂，北上黄池会盟争霸。同年越军乘虚袭吴，前473年吴亡，夫差自刭。邗沟此后历经隋唐宋明清疏治，至今仍是淮扬运河的骨干。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "前495", "from": -495 }, "place": "姑苏（今苏州）", "ll": [ 120.62, 31.3 ], "event": "即吴王位，任伯嚭为太宰，习战射以报越", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《史记》卷三十一·吴太伯世家", "quote": "王夫差元年，以大夫伯嚭为太宰。习战射，常以报越为志。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/史记.txt" }, "place_id": "wujun" }, { "year": { "text": "前494", "from": -494 }, "place": "夫椒（太湖）", "ll": [ 120.2, 31.15 ], "event": "大败越军于夫椒，勾践栖于会稽请和", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《史记》卷三十一·吴太伯世家", "quote": "二年，吴王悉精兵以伐越，败之夫椒，报姑苏也。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/史记.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "前486", "from": -486 }, "place": "邗城（今扬州）", "ll": [ 119.43, 32.41 ], "event": "筑邗城、开邗沟，沟通江淮，为北伐运粮", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《左传》哀公九年（转引自通典卷一八一）", "quote": "春秋时属吴，故左传云「吴城邗，邗音寒。沟通江淮」是也。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/政书/通典.txt" }, "place_id": "guangling" }, { "year": { "text": "前484", "from": -484 }, "place": "艾陵（今山东泰安、莱芜间）", "ll": [ 117.68, 36.21 ], "event": "北伐齐国，大败齐师于艾陵", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《史记》卷三十一·吴太伯世家", "quote": "吴王不听，遂北伐齐，败齐师於艾陵。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/史记.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "前485", "from": -485 }, "place": "海上（自江入海攻齐）", "ll": [ 120.9, 34.5 ], "event": "闻齐鲍氏弑悼公，从海上攻齐，不利而归", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《史记》卷三十一·吴太伯世家", "quote": "吴王闻之，哭於军门外三日，乃从海上攻齐。齐人败吴，吴王乃引兵归。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/史记.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "前482", "from": -482 }, "place": "商、鲁之间（今山东定陶—鱼台，菏水）", "ll": [ 115.9, 35.1 ], "event": "开深沟通济、沂二水（菏水），为北会黄池通舟", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《国语》卷十九·吴语", "quote": "乃起师北征。阙为深沟，通于商、鲁之间，北属之沂，西属之济，以会晋公午于黄池。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/别史/国语.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "前482", "from": -482 }, "place": "黄池（今河南封丘）", "ll": [ 114.42, 35.04 ], "event": "与晋定公争长，会盟诸侯；越军乘虚入吴", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《史记》卷三十一·吴太伯世家", "quote": "十四年春，吴王北会诸侯於黄池，欲霸中国以全周室。六月丙子，越王句践伐吴。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/史记.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "前473", "from": -473 }, "place": "姑苏（今苏州）", "ll": [ 120.62, 31.3 ], "event": "越围吴都，夫差自刭，吴亡", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《史记》卷三十一·吴太伯世家", "quote": "二十三年十一月丁卯，越败吴。……吾悔不用子胥之言，自令陷此。”遂自刭死。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/史记.txt" }, "place_id": "wujun" } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "yangdi", "name": "隋炀帝杨广", "dates": { "text": "569—618", "from": 569, "to": 618 }, "role": "隋朝第二代皇帝，大运河体系的奠基者", "summary": "隋文帝次子，604年即位。605年营东京洛阳，同年发河南、淮北百余万人开通济渠，自板渚引河入汴达淮，又发淮南十余万人重开邗沟，并造龙舟首幸江都；608年开永济渠北达涿郡；610年穿江南河至余杭，五年间以洛阳为中心连通五大水系。611年自江都入通济渠赴涿郡，以运河转粮征高丽。616年三下江都，618年在江都被弑。“隋亡为此河”，其功过皆系于运河。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "604", "from": 604 }, "place": "仁寿宫（今陕西麟游）", "ll": [ 107.8, 34.68 ], "event": "隋文帝崩，杨广即皇帝位", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《隋书》卷三·炀帝纪上", "quote": "四年七月，高祖崩，上即皇帝位于仁寿宫。八月，奉梓宫还京师。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/隋书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "605", "from": 605 }, "place": "洛阳（东京）", "ll": [ 112.45, 34.62 ], "event": "诏营建东京，徙富商大贾数万家实之", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《隋书》卷三·炀帝纪上", "quote": "今可于伊、洛营建东京，便即设官分职，以为民极也。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/隋书.txt" }, "place_id": "luoyang" }, { "year": { "text": "605-03", "from": 605 }, "place": "板渚（今河南荥阳汜水）", "ll": [ 113.1, 34.86 ], "event": "发河南诸郡男女百余万开通济渠，自板渚引河通淮", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《隋书》卷三·炀帝纪上", "quote": "辛亥，发河南诸郡男女百余万，开通济渠，自西苑引谷、洛水达于河，自板渚引河通于淮。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/隋书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "605-03", "from": 605 }, "place": "山阳（今淮安）", "ll": [ 119.02, 33.5 ], "event": "发淮南民十余万开邗沟，自山阳至扬子入江", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《资治通鉴》卷一百八十·隋纪四", "quote": "又发淮南民十馀万开邗沟，自山阳至杨子入江。渠广四十步，渠旁皆筑御道，树以柳", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/编年/资治通鉴.txt" }, "place_id": "huaian" }, { "year": { "text": "605-08", "from": 605 }, "place": "江都（今扬州）", "ll": [ 119.42, 32.39 ], "event": "御龙舟首幸江都，舳舻相接二百余里", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《隋书》卷三·炀帝纪上", "quote": "八月壬寅，上御龙舟，幸江都。……舳舻相接，二百余里。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/隋书.txt" }, "place_id": "guangling" }, { "year": { "text": "608-01", "from": 608 }, "place": "沁水口（今河南武陟）", "ll": [ 113.4, 35.1 ], "event": "发河北诸郡百余万开永济渠，南达于河，北通涿郡", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《隋书》卷三·炀帝纪上", "quote": "四年春正月乙巳，诏发河北诸郡男女百余万开永济渠，引沁水，南达于河，北通涿郡。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/隋书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "610-12", "from": 610 }, "place": "京口—余杭（今镇江—杭州）", "ll": [ 119.45, 32.2 ], "event": "敕穿江南河八百余里，广十余丈，使可通龙舟", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《资治通鉴》卷一百八十一·隋纪五", "quote": "敕穿江南河，自京口至馀杭，八百馀里，广十馀丈，使可通龙舟，并置驿宫、草顿，欲东巡会稽。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/编年/资治通鉴.txt" }, "place_id": "jingkou" }, { "year": { "text": "611-02", "from": 611 }, "place": "扬子津（今扬州南）", "ll": [ 119.45, 32.3 ], "event": "自江都御龙舟入通济渠北上涿郡，准备征高丽", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《隋书》卷三·炀帝纪上", "quote": "二月己未，上升钓台，临扬子津，大宴百僚……乙亥，上自江都御龙舟入通济渠，遂幸于涿郡。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/隋书.txt" }, "place_id": "guangling" }, { "year": { "text": "611-04", "from": 611 }, "place": "涿郡临朔宫（今北京）", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "至涿郡，发江淮民夫及船运黎阳、洛口仓米至涿郡", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《资治通鉴》卷一百八十一·隋纪五", "quote": "发江、淮以南民夫及船运黎阳及洛口诸仓米至涿郡，舳舻相次千馀里", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/编年/资治通鉴.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "615", "from": 615 }, "place": "雁门（今山西代县）", "ll": [ 112.95, 39.07 ], "event": "北巡为突厥所围，脱困后还洛阳", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《隋书》卷二十四·食货志", "quote": "遂幸太原，为突厥围于雁门。突厥寻散，遽还洛阳，募益骁果，以充旧数。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/隋书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "616-07", "from": 616 }, "place": "汜水（今河南荥阳）", "ll": [ 113.2, 34.85 ], "event": "第三次南幸江都，途中斩谏止者", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《隋书》卷四·炀帝纪下", "quote": "甲子，幸江都宫……车驾次汜水，奉信郎王爱仁以盗贼日盛，谏上请还西京。上怒，斩之而行。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/隋书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "618-03", "from": 618 }, "place": "江都宫（今扬州）", "ll": [ 119.42, 32.39 ], "event": "宇文化及率骁果作乱，炀帝被弑于温室", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《隋书》卷四·炀帝纪下", "quote": "以骁果作乱，入犯宫闱。上崩于温室，时年五十。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/隋书.txt" }, "place_id": "guangling" }, { "year": { "text": "618", "from": 618 }, "place": "雷塘（今扬州北）", "ll": [ 119.44, 32.47 ], "event": "初葬吴公台下，唐平江南后改葬雷塘", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《隋书》卷四·炀帝纪下", "quote": "右御卫将军陈棱奉梓宫于成象殿，葬吴公台下。……大唐平江南之后，改葬雷塘。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/隋书.txt" }, "place_id": "guangling" } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "mashumou", "name": "麻叔谋", "dates": { "text": "传说人物（托于605年前后）", "from": 605, "to": 606 }, "role": "《开河记》中的隋“开河都护”，开汴河传说的主角", "summary": "不见于正史，仅见于唐宋传奇《开河记》及后世小说。传说炀帝因睢阳有王气、欲幸广陵，命征北大总管麻叔谋为开河都护，自大梁起首开汴渠东至淮口；他沿途掘墓受贿，在宁陵蒸食婴儿，到睢阳受金改河道回护城池，终被腰斩河侧。故事凝聚了民间对开河徭役之苦的记忆，人物与情节均属虚构，年份亦为附会，各站皆为D级。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "605（传说）", "from": 605 }, "place": "大梁（今开封）", "ll": [ 114.35, 34.8 ], "event": "受命为开河都护，自大梁起首开汴渠", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《开河记》（唐宋传奇）", "quote": "诏以征北大总管麻叔谋为开河都护……自大梁起首，于乐台之北建修渠新所署，命之为卞渠", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/志存记录/开河记.txt" }, "place_id": "kaifeng" }, { "year": { "text": "605（传说）", "from": 605 }, "place": "陈留（今开封东南）", "ll": [ 114.53, 34.75 ], "event": "帝遣使祭留侯庙假道，自陈留东掘", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《开河记》（唐宋传奇）", "quote": "次开掘陈留。帝遣使持御署玉祝，并白璧一双，具少牢之奠，祭于留侯庙以假道。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/志存记录/开河记.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "605（传说）", "from": 605 }, "place": "雍丘（今河南杞县）", "ll": [ 114.78, 34.55 ], "event": "得留侯所还白璧，匿之不奏", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《开河记》（唐宋传奇）", "quote": "届雍邱，以献于麻都护，熟视，乃帝献留侯物也。诘其夫，夫具道。叔谋性贪，乃匿", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/志存记录/开河记.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "605（传说）", "from": 605 }, "place": "宁陵（今河南宁陵）", "ll": [ 115.32, 34.45 ], "event": "患风痒，食羊羔，继而盗食婴儿，民家以铁柜藏子", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《开河记》（唐宋传奇）", "quote": "叔谋既至宁陵县，患风痒，起坐不得。帝令太医令巢元方往治之。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/志存记录/开河记.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "605（传说）", "from": 605 }, "place": "睢阳（今河南商丘）", "ll": [ 115.65, 34.41 ], "event": "受睢阳民金，回护城池改河道，腰斩劝直穿者陈伯恭", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《开河记》（唐宋传奇）", "quote": "既达睢阳界，有濠寨使陈伯恭言此河道若取直路，径穿透睢阳城，如要回护，即取令旨。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/志存记录/开河记.txt" }, "place_id": "shangqiu" }, { "year": { "text": "605（传说）", "from": 605 }, "place": "灌口／淮口（今江苏盱眙—泗洪一带）", "ll": [ 118.5, 33.1 ], "event": "汴渠盈灌口，决汴口注水，折损丁夫二百五十万", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《开河记》（唐宋传奇）", "quote": "时叔谋开卞渠盈灌口，点检丁夫，约折二百五十万人。……遣决汴口，注水入汴渠。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/志存记录/开河记.txt" }, "place_id": "sizhou" }, { "year": { "text": "605（传说）", "from": 605 }, "place": "汴渠两堤（大梁至淮）", "ll": [ 116.5, 34.2 ], "event": "帝命于汴渠两堤栽柳，御笔赐柳姓杨", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《开河记》（唐宋传奇）", "quote": "请用垂柳栽于汴渠两堤上。一则树根四散，鞠护河堤；二乃牵船之人，护其阴凉", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/志存记录/开河记.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "606（传说）", "from": 606 }, "place": "睢阳河侧", "ll": [ 115.65, 34.41 ], "event": "以食人子、受金、盗宝、擅移河道四罪，腰斩于河北岸", "cite": { "grade": "D", "source": "《开河记》（唐宋传奇）", "quote": "叔谋有大罪四条：食人之子，受人之金，遣贼盗宝，擅移开河道。请用峻法诛之。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/志存记录/开河记.txt" } } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "peiyaoqing", "name": "裴耀卿", "dates": { "text": "681—743", "from": 681, "to": 743 }, "role": "唐开元宰相，江淮河南转运使，漕运“转般法”创立者", "summary": "绛州稷山人，开元中历济、宣、冀州刺史，深知江南漕船溯汴入河“阻滞日多”之弊。733年任京兆尹，值关中谷贵，建议罢陕州陆运、沿河置仓分段转运，使“江南之舟不入黄河，黄河之舟不入洛口”，同年拜相充江淮河南转运使；734年于汴河入河口置河阴县、河阴仓，三门置集津、盐仓，开山路十八里避砥柱之险。三年运米七百万石，转般法遂为唐宋漕运基本制度。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "725", "from": 725 }, "place": "济州（今山东茌平西南）", "ll": [ 116.0, 36.4 ], "event": "任济州刺史，玄宗东封泰山过境，供顿称最", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷九十八·裴耀卿传", "quote": "十三年，为济州刺史。其年，车驾东巡，州当大路，道里绵长，而户口寡弱，耀卿躬自条理", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "730前后", "from": 730 }, "place": "宣州（今安徽宣城）", "ll": [ 118.76, 30.94 ], "event": "任宣州刺史，上便宜条陈江南租庸入汴之弊", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《新唐书》卷五十三·食货志三", "quote": "开元十八年，宣州刺史裴耀卿朝集京师，玄宗访以漕事，耀卿条上便宜曰", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/新唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "733", "from": 733 }, "place": "长安", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "任京兆尹，京师雨水谷贵，玄宗再问漕事，提出分段转运", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《新唐书》卷五十三·食货志三", "quote": "耀卿因请“罢陕陆运，而置仓河口，使江南漕舟至河口者，输粟于仓而去，县官雇舟以分入河、洛。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/新唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "733", "from": 733 }, "place": "东都洛阳", "ll": [ 112.45, 34.62 ], "event": "拜黄门侍郎、同平章事，充江淮河南转运都使", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷四十九·食货志下", "quote": "寻以耀卿为黄门侍郎、同中书门下平章事，充江淮、河南转运都使。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" }, "place_id": "luoyang" }, { "year": { "text": "734-08", "from": 734 }, "place": "河阴（今河南荥阳北，汴河入河口）", "ll": [ 113.3, 34.88 ], "event": "置河阴县、河阴仓，江淮米溯鸿沟悉纳河阴仓", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷四十九·食货志下", "quote": "至二十二年八月，置河阴县及河阴仓、河西柏崖仓、三门东集津仓、三门西盐仓。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "734", "from": 734 }, "place": "三门（今河南三门峡）", "ll": [ 111.2, 34.75 ], "event": "开三门山路十八里，以避砥柱湍险", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷四十九·食货志下", "quote": "开三门山十八里，以避湍险。自江淮而溯鸿沟，悉纳河阴仓。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "734—736", "from": 734 }, "place": "汴河—黄河—渭水漕路", "ll": [ 112.0, 34.7 ], "event": "三年运七百万石，省陆运佣钱四十万贯", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷四十九·食货志下", "quote": "凡三年，运七百万石，省陆运之佣四十万贯。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "736", "from": 736 }, "place": "长安", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "拜尚书左丞相，罢知政事，封赵城侯", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷九十八·裴耀卿传", "quote": "明年，迁侍中。二十四年，拜尚书左丞相，罢知政事，累封赵城侯。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "743", "from": 743 }, "place": "长安", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "转尚书左仆射，薨，谥文献", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷九十八·裴耀卿传", "quote": "天宝元年，改为尚书右仆射，寻转左仆射。一岁薨，年六十三，赠太子太傅，谥曰文献。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "liuyan", "name": "刘晏", "dates": { "text": "716—780", "from": 716, "to": 780 }, "role": "唐代宗朝度支盐铁转运使，安史之乱后漕运的重建者", "summary": "曹州南华人。安史乱后汴河淤塞、关中乏粮，762年领度支盐铁转运使，763年拜相仍充使，764年与河南副元帅开决汴河，恢复江淮漕路。他以盐利雇漕工而不发丁男，扬子造船，每船千斛、十船为纲，“江船不入汴，汴船不入河，河船不入渭”，岁运粟百一十万石而无升斗溺者。779年天下财赋皆归其掌，780年为杨炎所构，贬忠州赐死。其漕法为唐后期所遵行。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "716", "from": 716 }, "place": "曹州南华（今山东东明）", "ll": [ 115.09, 35.29 ], "event": "生于曹州南华，七岁举神童", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷一百二十三·刘晏传", "quote": "刘晏，字士安，曹州南华人。年七岁，举神童，授秘书省正字。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "762", "from": 762 }, "place": "河南尹治所（寄理长水，今河南洛宁）", "ll": [ 111.65, 34.39 ], "event": "任河南尹，时史朝义据东都；淮运阻绝，租赋溯汉江而上", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《新唐书》卷五十三·食货志三", "quote": "肃宗末年，史朝义兵分出宋州，淮运于是阻绝，租庸盐铁溯汉江而上。河南尹刘晏为户部侍郎", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/新唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "762", "from": 762 }, "place": "长安", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "以户部侍郎、京兆尹领度支盐铁转运使，盐铁兼漕运自此始", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷四十九·食货志下", "quote": "遂以通州刺史刘晏为户部侍郎、京兆尹、度支盐铁转运使。盐铁兼漕运，自晏始也。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "763", "from": 763 }, "place": "长安", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "拜吏部尚书、同平章事，依前充使，以盐利为漕佣，不发丁男", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷四十九·食货志下", "quote": "二年，拜吏部尚书、同平章事，依前充使。晏始以盐利为漕佣，自江淮至渭桥，率十万斛佣七千缗", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "764", "from": 764 }, "place": "汴河（今河南开封—江苏泗洪）", "ll": [ 116.0, 34.3 ], "event": "为河南及江淮转运使，与河南副元帅计会开决汴河", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷四十九·食货志下", "quote": "而晏以检校户部尚书为河南及江淮已来转运使，及与河南副元帅计会开决汴河。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "764—770", "from": 764 }, "place": "扬州／扬子（今扬州、仪征）", "ll": [ 119.42, 32.39 ], "event": "造江船二千艘，每船千斛、十船为纲，自扬州部送至河阴；设扬子留后", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《新唐书》卷五十三·食货志三", "quote": "每船受千斛，十船为纲，每纲三百人，篙工五十，自扬州遣将部送至河阴，上三门", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/新唐书.txt" }, "place_id": "guangling" }, { "year": { "text": "765—779", "from": 765 }, "place": "河阴（今河南荥阳北）", "ll": [ 113.3, 34.88 ], "event": "分段转运：江船不入汴，汴船不入河，河船不入渭，岁转粟百一十万石", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《新唐书》卷五十三·食货志三", "quote": "江船不入汴，汴船不入河，河船不入渭……岁转粟百一十万石，无升斗溺者。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/新唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "779", "from": 779 }, "place": "长安", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "天下财赋皆以晏掌之", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷四十九·食货志下", "quote": "至十四年，天下财赋，皆以晏掌之。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "780-02", "from": 780 }, "place": "忠州（今重庆忠县）", "ll": [ 108.03, 30.3 ], "event": "为杨炎所构，贬忠州刺史，寻被杀", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷十二·德宗纪上", "quote": "己酉，贬尚书左仆射刘晏为忠州刺史。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "baijuyi", "name": "白居易", "dates": { "text": "772—846", "from": 772, "to": 846 }, "role": "中唐诗人，杭州、苏州刺史，运河题材诗歌的代表作者", "summary": "字乐天，下邽人。少年随父寓居汴河畔的符离，往来皆取汴水，后有《汴河路有感》追忆。元和间作《新乐府·隋堤柳》，写“西自黄河东至淮，绿荫一千三百里”的隋堤与亡国之鉴。822年出为杭州刺史，825年再任苏州刺史，往来循江南运河。传为其作的《长相思》“汴水流，泗水流，流到瓜洲古渡头”把汴、泗、邗沟与瓜洲渡连成一条抒情水路，成为运河最著名的诗意注脚。晚年居洛阳。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "772", "from": 772 }, "place": "新郑（今河南新郑）", "ll": [ 113.73, 34.4 ], "event": "生于郑州新郑县；家世下邽", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《旧唐书》卷一百六十六·白居易传（籍贯）；生地据白氏《故巩县令白府君事状》", "quote": "至温徙于下邽，今为下邽人焉。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "782—795前后", "from": 782 }, "place": "符离（今安徽宿州，汴河南岸）", "ll": [ 116.98, 33.63 ], "event": "父季庚任彭城令、徐州别驾，白居易少年寓居汴河畔的符离、埇桥", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷一百六十六·白居易传", "quote": "锽生季庚，建中初为彭城令。……因授朝散大夫、大理少卿、徐州别驾，赐绯鱼袋，兼徐泗观察判官。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" }, "place_id": "suzhou_anhui" }, { "year": { "text": "795前后", "from": 795 }, "place": "汴河路（汴州—泗州）", "ll": [ 116.5, 34.2 ], "event": "少年往来汴河，后作《汴河路有感》追忆“三十年前路，孤舟重往还”", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "白氏长庆集卷二十《汴河路有感》", "quote": "汴河路有感/　　三十年前路孤舟重往还绕身新眷属举目旧乡闗事去唯留水人非但见山", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/集藏/四库别集/白氏长庆集.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "800", "from": 800 }, "place": "长安", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "贞元十六年进士及第，授秘书省校书郎", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷一百六十六·白居易传", "quote": "贞元十四年，始以进士就试，礼部侍郎高郢擢升甲科，吏部判入等，授秘书省校书郎。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "809前后", "from": 809 }, "place": "长安（作《新乐府·隋堤柳》）", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "作《隋堤柳》，写隋堤植柳一千三百里与炀帝南幸江都之亡", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "白氏长庆集卷四新乐府《隋堤柳》", "quote": "大业年中炀天子种栁成行夹流水西自黄河东至淮緑隂一千三百里", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/集藏/四库别集/白氏长庆集.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "822-07", "from": 822 }, "place": "长安→杭州", "ll": [ 120.15, 30.27 ], "event": "出为杭州刺史（穆宗长庆二年七月壬寅）", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷十六·穆宗纪", "quote": "壬寅，出中书舍人白居易为杭州刺史。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" }, "place_id": "qiantang" }, { "year": { "text": "822—824", "from": 822 }, "place": "杭州（江南河终点余杭）", "ll": [ 120.15, 30.27 ], "event": "任杭州刺史，与浙东观察使元稹隔境唱和", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷一百六十六·白居易传", "quote": "七月，除杭州刺史。俄而元稹罢相，自冯翊转浙东观察使。交契素深，杭、越邻境，篇咏往来", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" }, "place_id": "qiantang" }, { "year": { "text": "825—826", "from": 825 }, "place": "苏州（江南运河）", "ll": [ 120.62, 31.3 ], "event": "宝历中出为苏州刺史，罢归时携太湖石、青板舫", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷一百六十六·白居易传", "quote": "宝历中，复出为苏州刺史。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" }, "place_id": "wujun" }, { "year": { "text": "约825", "from": 825 }, "place": "汴河茅城驿（今安徽宿州西）", "ll": [ 116.8, 33.7 ], "event": "过汴河作《茅城驿》：“汴河无景思，秋日又凄凄”", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "白氏长庆集卷二十《茅城驿》", "quote": "茅城驿/　　汴河无景思秋日又凄凄地薄桑麻痩村贫屋舍低", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/集藏/四库别集/白氏长庆集.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "传为白作", "from": 830 }, "place": "瓜洲古渡（今扬州南）", "ll": [ 119.42, 32.22 ], "event": "《长相思》：“汴水流，泗水流，流到瓜洲古渡头”（归属有争议）", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "全唐诗卷八百九十《长相思》（归属存疑）", "quote": "汴水流，泗水流。流到瓜洲古渡头，吴山点点愁", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/诗藏/诗集/全唐诗.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "829—846", "from": 829 }, "place": "洛阳履道里", "ll": [ 112.45, 34.62 ], "event": "分司东都，定居履道里，会昌六年卒", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《旧唐书》卷一百六十六·白居易传", "quote": "三年，称病东归，求为分司官，寻除太子宾客。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/旧唐书.txt" }, "place_id": "luoyang" } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "pirixiu", "name": "皮日休", "dates": { "text": "约834—约883", "from": 834, "to": 883 }, "role": "晚唐诗人，《汴河怀古》作者", "summary": "字袭美，襄阳竟陵人，自号鹿门子。咸通八年（867）进士，此前求仕往返江淮与两京，取道汴河。《汴河怀古二首》以“万艘龙舸绿丝间，载到扬州尽不还”写炀帝南巡，又以“尽道隋亡为此河，至今千里赖通波。若无水殿龙舟事，共禹论功不较多”给运河以功过两分的评价，为后世论隋唐运河最常引之句。868年前后入苏州崔璞幕，与陆龟蒙唱和。无正史本传，生平据《唐才子传》。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "约834", "from": 834 }, "place": "竟陵（今湖北天门）／襄阳", "ll": [ 112.12, 32.01 ], "event": "生于襄阳竟陵，隐居鹿门山，号鹿门子", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《唐才子传》卷八·皮日休（元辛文房；所用全唐诗电子本无小传，未能核对）" } }, { "year": { "text": "约866", "from": 866 }, "place": "汴河（今河南开封—江苏泗洪）", "ll": [ 116.0, 34.3 ], "event": "赴举途经汴河，作《汴河怀古二首》", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "全唐诗卷六百十五《汴河怀古二首》", "quote": "尽道隋亡为此河，至今千里赖通波。/若无水殿龙舟事，共禹论功不较多。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/诗藏/诗集/全唐诗.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "约866", "from": 866 }, "place": "扬州（汴河入江处）", "ll": [ 119.42, 32.39 ], "event": "“万艘龙舸绿丝间，载到扬州尽不还”", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "全唐诗卷六百十五《汴河怀古二首》", "quote": "万艘龙舸绿丝间，载到扬州尽不还。/应是天教开汴水，一千馀里地无山。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/诗藏/诗集/全唐诗.txt" }, "place_id": "guangling" }, { "year": { "text": "867", "from": 867 }, "place": "长安", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "咸通八年登进士第", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《唐才子传》卷八·皮日休（元辛文房；未能核对原文）" } }, { "year": { "text": "868—870", "from": 868 }, "place": "苏州（江南运河）", "ll": [ 120.62, 31.3 ], "event": "入苏州刺史崔璞幕为军事判官，与陆龟蒙唱和成《松陵集》", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《唐才子传》卷八·皮日休（元辛文房；未能核对原文）" }, "place_id": "wujun" }, { "year": { "text": "约880", "from": 880 }, "place": "长安", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "黄巢入长安，传为巢所得，任翰林学士，结局不详", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "《唐才子传》卷八（元辛文房，后代记载，多异说）" } } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "guoshoujing", "name": "郭守敬", "dates": { "text": "1231—1316", "from": 1231, "to": 1316 }, "role": "元代水利学家、天文学家，通惠河设计者", "summary": "字若思，邢台人。1262年见忽必烈于开平，面陈水利六事，首言修中都漕河引玉泉水通舟至通州。1275年奉命行视河北、山东可通舟处并绘图上奏，为济州河、会通河南北贯通提供依据。1291年复任都水监，建议别引昌平白浮泉，沿山麓西折南下汇积水潭，东至通州入白河，沿途置闸节水；1292年春动工，1293年秋成，忽必烈过积水潭见舳舻蔽水，赐名通惠河，江南漕船自此可直抵大都城内。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1231", "from": 1231 }, "place": "邢台（顺德）", "ll": [ 114.5, 37.07 ], "event": "生于顺德邢台，从刘秉忠学于紫金山", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷一百六十四·郭守敬传", "quote": "郭守敬，字若思，顺德邢台人。生有异操，不为嬉戏事。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1262", "from": 1262 }, "place": "开平（今内蒙古正蓝旗，上都）", "ll": [ 116.18, 42.36 ], "event": "世祖召见，面陈水利六事，首言修中都旧漕河通舟至通州", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷一百六十四·郭守敬传", "quote": "中统三年，文谦荐守敬习水利，巧思绝人。世祖召见，面陈水利六事：其一，中都旧漕河，东至通州", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1264", "from": 1264 }, "place": "中兴（今宁夏银川）", "ll": [ 106.28, 38.47 ], "event": "随张文谦行省西夏，修复唐来、汉延古渠闸堰", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷一百六十四·郭守敬传", "quote": "至元元年，从张文谦行省西夏。……兵乱以来，废坏淤浅。守敬更立闸堰，皆复其旧。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1265", "from": 1265 }, "place": "大都（今北京）", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "授都水少监，建议疏通金口以广京畿之漕", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷一百六十四·郭守敬传", "quote": "二年，授都水少监。……今若按视故迹，使水得通流，上可以致西山之利，下可以广京畿之漕。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1275", "from": 1275 }, "place": "河北、山东（今卫河—汶泗一线）", "ll": [ 116.0, 36.5 ], "event": "伯颜南征议立水站，奉命行视河北、山东可通舟处，绘图上奏", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷一百六十四·郭守敬传", "quote": "十二年，丞相伯颜南征，议立水站，命守敬行视河北、山东可通舟者，为图奏之。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1280", "from": 1280 }, "place": "大都太史院", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "《授时历》告成", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷一百六十四·郭守敬传", "quote": "十七年，新历告成，守敬与诸臣同上", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1291", "from": 1291 }, "place": "白浮泉（今北京昌平）", "ll": [ 116.23, 40.22 ], "event": "陈水利十一事，首议别引白浮泉水西折而南入积水潭，出南水门合旧运粮河", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷一百六十四·郭守敬传", "quote": "大都运粮河，不用一亩泉旧原，别引北山白浮泉水，西折而南，经瓮山泊，自西水门入城，环汇于积水潭", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1292", "from": 1292 }, "place": "大都（通惠河工地）", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.92 ], "event": "复置都水监领其事，丞相以下皆亲操畚锸倡工", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷一百六十四·郭守敬传", "quote": "于是复置都水监，俾守敬领之。帝命丞相以下皆亲操畚锸倡工，待守敬指授而后行事。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1293", "from": 1293 }, "place": "积水潭（今北京什刹海）", "ll": [ 116.38, 39.94 ], "event": "河成，世祖过积水潭见舳舻蔽水，赐名通惠河", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷一百六十四·郭守敬传", "quote": "三十年，帝还自上都，过积水潭，见舳舻敝水，大悦，名曰通惠河，赐守敬钞万二千五百贯", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1293", "from": 1293 }, "place": "通州高丽庄（通惠河入白河处）", "ll": [ 116.66, 39.91 ], "event": "通惠河总长一百六十四里，置闸坝二十座，通州至大都陆挽官粮由此罢除", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷六十四·河渠志一", "quote": "东至通州高丽庄入白河，总长一百六十四里一百四步。……先时通州至大都五十里，陆挽官粮", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" }, "place_id": "tongzhou" }, { "year": { "text": "1298", "from": 1298 }, "place": "上都（今内蒙古正蓝旗）", "ll": [ 116.18, 42.36 ], "event": "议开铁幡竿渠，执政吝费缩其广，次年山水漂没庐帐", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷一百六十四·郭守敬传", "quote": "大德二年，召守敬至上都，议开铁幡竿渠", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1316", "from": 1316 }, "place": "大都", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "延祐三年卒，年八十六", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《元史》卷一百六十四·郭守敬传", "quote": "延祐三年卒，年八十六。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/元史.txt" } } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "zhudi", "name": "朱棣（明成祖）", "dates": { "text": "1360—1424", "from": 1360, "to": 1424 }, "role": "明成祖，迁都北京与会通河复通的决策者", "summary": "明太祖第四子，封燕王镇北平，1402年即位。永乐初北方军粮靠海运与“陆海兼运”，1403年命陈瑄总督海运，建百万仓于直沽。因海运多险、陆挽百七十里民苦，1411年采纳潘叔正建议，命宋礼复浚元代会通河，用白英之策筑戴村坝、南旺分水。1415年陈瑄凿清江浦，漕舟由江入淮入河直达北京，遂罢海运。1421年正月御奉天殿受朝贺正式迁都。以运河为动脉、以北京为都城的明清格局由此奠定。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1380", "from": 1380 }, "place": "北平（今北京）", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "就藩北平为燕王", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷五·成祖纪一", "quote": "洪武三年，封燕王。十三年，之籓北平。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1402", "from": 1402 }, "place": "南京", "ll": [ 118.8, 32.06 ], "event": "靖难兵至浦口，陈瑄以舟师迎降，成祖渡江即位", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "燕兵至浦口，瑄以舟师迎降，成祖遂渡江。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1403", "from": 1403 }, "place": "直沽（今天津）", "ll": [ 117.2, 39.08 ], "event": "命陈瑄总督海运，输粟四十九万余石饷北京及辽东，建百万仓、城天津卫", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "充总兵官，总督海运，输粟四十九万余石，饷北京及辽东。遂建百万仓于直沽，城天津卫。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "tianjin" }, { "year": { "text": "1406", "from": 1406 }, "place": "阳武—卫辉（陆海兼运）", "ll": [ 113.97, 35.06 ], "event": "命陈瑄督转运，一由海，一浮淮入河至阳武陆挽百七十里入卫", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷八十五·河渠志三", "quote": "永乐四年，成祖命平江伯陈瑄督转运，一仍由海，而一则浮淮入河，至阳武，陆挽百七十里抵卫辉", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1411-02", "from": 1411 }, "place": "济宁（会通河）", "ll": [ 116.59, 35.41 ], "event": "用潘叔正言，命宋礼、金纯、周长浚会通河", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷八十五·河渠志三", "quote": "九年二月乃用济宁州同知潘叔正言，命尚书宋礼、侍郎金纯、都督周长浚会通河。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "jining" }, { "year": { "text": "1415-05", "from": 1415 }, "place": "清江浦（今淮安）", "ll": [ 119.03, 33.6 ], "event": "陈瑄凿清江浦通北京漕运；是年罢海运", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷七·成祖纪三", "quote": "乙丑，凿清江浦，通北京漕运。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "huaian" }, { "year": { "text": "1420-11", "from": 1420 }, "place": "北京", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "以迁都北京诏天下，北京郊庙宫殿成", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷七·成祖纪三", "quote": "十一月戊辰，以迁都北京诏天下。……癸亥，北京郊庙宫殿成。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1421-01", "from": 1421 }, "place": "北京奉天殿", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.91 ], "event": "正月甲子朔御奉天殿受朝贺，北京正式为京师", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷七·成祖纪三", "quote": "十九年春正月甲子朔，奉安五庙神主于太庙。御奉天殿受朝贺，大宴。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1424", "from": 1424 }, "place": "榆木川（今内蒙古多伦附近）", "ll": [ 116.6, 42.2 ], "event": "北征回师，崩于榆木川", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷八·仁宗纪", "quote": "二十二年七月，成祖崩于榆木川。八月甲辰，遗诏至，遣皇太孙迎丧开平。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "songli-baiying", "name": "宋礼与白英", "dates": { "text": "宋礼 ?—1422；白英 生卒不详（一说1363—1419）", "from": 1363, "to": 1422 }, "role": "明永乐工部尚书与汶上民间水利家，南旺分水工程的主持者与献策者", "summary": "宋礼，河南永宁人，永乐工部尚书；白英，汶上民间水利家，正史仅书“汶上老人白英”。1411年宋礼奉命复浚元末淤废的会通河，采用白英之策：在东平戴村筑坝横亘五里遏汶水，使其尽出南旺“水脊”，中分南北，南四北六，又置闸三十八、设水柜陡门以时蓄泄，二十旬工成。此后明清五百年京杭运河得以贯通，二人并祀于南旺分水龙王庙。白英生平详节多出自后世方志与传说。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1411-02", "from": 1411 }, "place": "济宁州（会通河南端）", "ll": [ 116.59, 35.41 ], "event": "宋礼奉命与金纯、周长浚会通河；潘叔正言旧河淤者三之一", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·宋礼传", "quote": "至是济宁州同知潘叔正上言：“旧会通河四百五十余里，淤者乃三之一，浚之便。”于是命礼及刑部侍郎金纯、都督周长往治之。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "jining" }, { "year": { "text": "1411", "from": 1411 }, "place": "汶上（白英故里）", "ll": [ 116.49, 35.73 ], "event": "宋礼访求汶上老人白英，采用其筑坝遏汶、南旺分水之策", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·宋礼传", "quote": "礼以会通之源，必资汶水。乃用汶上老人白英策，筑堽城及戴村坝，横亘五里，遏汶流", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1411", "from": 1411 }, "place": "戴村坝（今东平东南，汶河上）", "ll": [ 116.7, 35.98 ], "event": "筑戴村坝遏汶水，使无南入洸而北归海，尽出汶上", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷八十五·河渠志三", "quote": "礼用汶上老人白英策，筑坝东平之戴村，遏汶使无入洸，而尽出南旺，南北置闸三十八。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1411", "from": 1411 }, "place": "南旺（今汶上西南，运河水脊）", "ll": [ 116.37, 35.63 ], "event": "汶水至南旺中分为二，南四北六，地势最高谓之水脊", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·宋礼传", "quote": "至南旺，中分之为二道，南流接徐、沛者十之四，北流达临清者十之六。南旺地势高，决其水，南北皆注，所谓水脊也。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1411", "from": 1411 }, "place": "沙湾（今山东阳谷张秋附近）", "ll": [ 116.03, 36.05 ], "event": "开新河自汶上袁家口左徙五十里至寿张沙湾接旧河", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷八十五·河渠志三", "quote": "又开新河，自汶上袁家口左徙五十里至寿张之沙湾，以接旧河。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "zhangqiu" }, { "year": { "text": "1411", "from": 1411 }, "place": "临清（会通河北端）", "ll": [ 115.7, 36.85 ], "event": "自分水北至临清置闸十七达于卫，南至沽头置闸二十一达于淮；发民三十万，二十旬工成", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·宋礼传", "quote": "凡发山东及徐州、应天、镇江民三十万，蠲租一百一十万石有奇，二十旬而工成。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "linqing" }, { "year": { "text": "1415", "from": 1415 }, "place": "北京（漕运改河运）", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "河运大便，永乐十三年遂罢海运", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·宋礼传", "quote": "于是河运大便利，漕粟益多。十三年遂罢海运。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1422", "from": 1422 }, "place": "北京", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "宋礼永乐二十年七月卒于官，家无余财", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·宋礼传", "quote": "二十年七月卒于官。/　　礼性刚，驭下严急，故易集事，以是亦不为人所亲。卒之日，家无余财。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1500前后", "from": 1500 }, "place": "南旺湖上（分水龙王庙）", "ll": [ 116.37, 35.63 ], "event": "弘治中主事王宠请立祠，诏祀宋礼于南旺湖上；后并祀白英", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·宋礼传", "quote": "弘治中，主事王宠始请立祠。诏祀之南旺湖上", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "chenxuan", "name": "陈瑄", "dates": { "text": "1365—1433", "from": 1365, "to": 1433 }, "role": "明永乐至宣德漕运总兵官，清江浦开凿者", "summary": "字彦纯，合肥人。靖难时以舟师迎降，1403年总督海运，输粟四十九万余石饷北京、辽东，建百万仓于直沽并城天津卫。会通河复通后改董河运，造浅船二千余艘，岁运二百万石渐至五百万石。1415年用故老言，自淮安管家湖凿渠二十里为清江浦，导湖水入淮，置四闸以时启闭，漕舟由江入淮直达于河。又凿吕梁洪、开白塔河、筑高邮湖堤内渠，自淮至临清置闸四十七。治漕三十年，卒于淮安任上。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1365", "from": 1365 }, "place": "合肥", "ll": [ 117.28, 31.86 ], "event": "生于合肥，代父职为都指挥同知", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "陈瑄，字彦纯，合肥人。父闻，以义兵千户归太祖，累官都指挥同知。瑄代父职。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1402", "from": 1402 }, "place": "浦口（今南京江北）", "ll": [ 118.72, 32.08 ], "event": "以舟师迎降燕军，成祖渡江", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "燕兵至浦口，瑄以舟师迎降，成祖遂渡江。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1403", "from": 1403 }, "place": "直沽（今天津）", "ll": [ 117.2, 39.08 ], "event": "总督海运，建百万仓于直沽，城天津卫", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "总督海运，输粟四十九万余石，饷北京及辽东。遂建百万仓于直沽，城天津卫。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "tianjin" }, { "year": { "text": "1411", "from": 1411 }, "place": "海门—盐城海堤", "ll": [ 120.5, 33.3 ], "event": "率四十万卒筑捍潮堤万八千余丈", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "海溢堤圮，自海门至盐城凡百三十里。命瑄以四十万卒筑治之，为捍潮堤万八千余丈。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1415-05", "from": 1415 }, "place": "清江浦（今淮安）", "ll": [ 119.03, 33.6 ], "event": "自管家湖凿渠二十里为清江浦，导湖水入淮，筑四闸", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "十三年，瑄用故老言，自淮安城西管家湖，凿渠二十里，为清江浦，导湖水入淮，筑四闸以时宣泄。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "huaian" }, { "year": { "text": "1415", "from": 1415 }, "place": "淮口四闸（移风、清江、福兴、新庄）", "ll": [ 119.05, 33.65 ], "event": "淮口置四闸以时启闭，并浚仪真、瓜洲河通江", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷八十五·河渠志三", "quote": "淮口置四闸，曰移风、清江、福兴、新庄。以时启闭，严其禁。并浚仪真、瓜洲河以通江湖", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1416前后", "from": 1416 }, "place": "吕梁洪（今徐州东南）", "ll": [ 117.3, 34.15 ], "event": "凿吕梁、百步二洪石以平水势，别凿渠置二闸", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "又以吕梁洪险恶，于西别凿一渠，置二闸，蓄水通漕。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1416前后", "from": 1416 }, "place": "高邮湖堤", "ll": [ 119.44, 32.78 ], "event": "筑高邮湖堤，堤内凿渠四十里避风涛", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "又筑高邮湖堤，于堤内凿渠四十里，避风涛之险。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "gaoyou" }, { "year": { "text": "1416前后", "from": 1416 }, "place": "泰州白塔河", "ll": [ 119.92, 32.5 ], "event": "开泰州白塔河以达大江", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "开泰州白塔河通大江。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1420前后", "from": 1420 }, "place": "淮安—临清（会通河）", "ll": [ 116.59, 35.41 ], "event": "自淮至临清置闸四十七，淮上、徐州、临清、通州皆建仓；置浅铺五百六十八", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "又自淮至临清，相水势置闸四十有七，作常盈仓四十区于淮上，及徐州、临清、通州皆置仓", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "w-zhahe" }, { "year": { "text": "1431", "from": 1431 }, "place": "淮安", "ll": [ 119.02, 33.5 ], "event": "议改民运为兑运，自此始", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "帝命黄福及侍郎王佐议行之。更民运为兑运，自此始也。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "huaian" }, { "year": { "text": "1433-10", "from": 1433 }, "place": "淮安（清河县立祠）", "ll": [ 119.03, 33.68 ], "event": "宣德八年十月卒于官，追封平江侯，民立祠清河县", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷一百五十三·陈瑄传", "quote": "八年十月卒于官，年六十有九。追封平江侯，赠太保，谥恭襄。/　　初，瑄以浚河有德于民，民立祠清河县。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "huaian" } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "panjixun", "name": "潘季驯", "dates": { "text": "1521—1595", "from": 1521, "to": 1595 }, "role": "明代四任总理河道，“束水攻沙”治河方略的确立者", "summary": "字时良，乌程人。1565年首任总理河道，与朱衡共开南阳新河；1570年再任塞邳州决口。1578年三任，时黄河决崔镇、清口淤塞，他提出“淮清河浊”，筑堤束水以水刷沙、筑高家堰束淮入清口以清刷浊，1579年筑高家堰堤六十余里、遥堤五万六千余丈，塞决口一百三十，黄淮复合于清口。1588年四任，前后二十七年。“以堤束水，以水攻沙”（见《河防一览》）成为此后三百年黄运治理的基本方针。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1521", "from": 1521 }, "place": "乌程（今浙江湖州）", "ll": [ 120.09, 30.87 ], "event": "生于乌程，嘉靖二十九年进士", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷二百二十三·潘季驯传", "quote": "潘季驯，字时良，乌程人。嘉靖二十九年进士。授九江推官。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1565", "from": 1565 }, "place": "南阳—留城（今山东微山）", "ll": [ 117.1, 34.9 ], "event": "首任总理河道，与朱衡共开南阳新河", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷二百二十三·潘季驯传", "quote": "四十四年，由左少卿进右佥都御史，总理河道。与硃衡共开新河，加右副都御史。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1570", "from": 1570 }, "place": "邳州（今江苏邳州）", "ll": [ 118.0, 34.3 ], "event": "河决邳州、睢宁，再理河道塞决口", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷二百二十三·潘季驯传", "quote": "隆庆四年，河决邳州、睢宁。起故官，再理河道，塞决口。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1578", "from": 1578 }, "place": "崔镇（今江苏泗阳西北）", "ll": [ 118.6, 33.8 ], "event": "三任总河，议筑崔镇塞决口、筑遥堤防溃决", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷二百二十三·潘季驯传", "quote": "议筑崔镇以塞决口，筑遥堤以防溃决。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1578", "from": 1578 }, "place": "清口（今淮安码头镇）", "ll": [ 119.1, 33.62 ], "event": "提出淮清河浊、以清刷浊，筑高堰束淮入清口以敌河之强", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷二百二十三·潘季驯传", "quote": "当藉淮之清以刷河之浊，筑高堰束淮入清口，以敌河之强，使二水并流，则海口自浚。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "huaian" }, { "year": { "text": "1578—1579", "from": 1578 }, "place": "高家堰（今洪泽湖东岸）", "ll": [ 118.85, 33.3 ], "event": "筑高家堰堤六十余里，归仁集堤四十余里，塞决口一百三十", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷八十四·河渠志二", "quote": "是役也，筑高家堰堤六十馀里，归仁集堤四十馀里，柳浦湾堤东西七十馀里，塞崔镇等决口百三十", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "w-gaojiayan" }, { "year": { "text": "1579-10", "from": 1579 }, "place": "徐州—清河两岸遥堤", "ll": [ 117.8, 34.0 ], "event": "两河工成，筑徐、睢、邳、宿、桃、清两岸遥堤五万六千余丈", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷八十四·河渠志二", "quote": "七年十月，两河工成，赉季驯、一麟银币……筑徐、睢、邳、宿、桃、清两岸遥堤五万六千馀丈", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1580", "from": 1580 }, "place": "南京", "ll": [ 118.8, 32.06 ], "event": "进太子太保工部尚书，寻擢南京兵部尚书", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷八十四·河渠志二", "quote": "八年春进季驯太子太保工部尚书，廕一子。……其秋擢季驯南京兵部尚书。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1588", "from": 1588 }, "place": "夏镇（今山东微山）", "ll": [ 117.13, 34.8 ], "event": "四任总督河道；次年黄水冲入夏镇，复筑塞之", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷二百二十三·潘季驯传", "quote": "十六年，给事中梅国楼复荐，遂起季驯右都御史，总督河道。……明年，黄水暴涨，冲入夏镇", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1592", "from": 1592 }, "place": "泗州（今盱眙，明祖陵）", "ll": [ 118.5, 33.0 ], "event": "泗州大水患及祖陵，季驯谓祖陵王气不宜轻泄，议不合乞去", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷二百二十三·潘季驯传", "quote": "二十年，泗州大水，城中水三尺，患及祖陵。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" }, "place_id": "sizhou" }, { "year": { "text": "1595", "from": 1595 }, "place": "乌程（今湖州）", "ll": [ 120.09, 30.87 ], "event": "凡四奉治河命，前后二十七年；归三年卒，年七十五", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《明史》卷二百二十三·潘季驯传", "quote": "季驯凡四奉治河命，前后二十七年，习知地形险易。……归三年卒，年七十五。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/明史.txt" } } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "jinfu", "name": "靳辅", "dates": { "text": "1633—1692", "from": 1633, "to": 1692 }, "role": "清康熙河道总督，中运河开凿者", "summary": "字紫垣，汉军镶黄旗人。1677年授河道总督，时高家堰决三十余处、清口涸为陆地，他一日上八疏，主张自清江浦至云梯关挑引河、筑大堤束水入海，培修高家堰，浚清口至清水潭运河二百三十里，幕客陈潢承潘季驯束水刷沙之说辅之。1686年起自骆马湖凿渠历宿迁、桃源至仲家庄，名曰中河，粮船出清口即入中河，避黄河一百八十里之险；1688年勘视称“中河安流”。同年因屯田、下河之争被劾罢，后复起，卒于任。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1671", "from": 1671 }, "place": "安庆（安徽巡抚）", "ll": [ 117.05, 30.53 ], "event": "授安徽巡抚，疏请行沟田法", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷二百七十九·靳辅传", "quote": "十年，授安徽巡抚。疏请行沟田法，以十亩为一鞬，二十鞬为一沟。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1677-02", "from": 1677 }, "place": "清江浦（河督驻地）", "ll": [ 119.03, 33.6 ], "event": "授河道总督；河督自济宁移驻清江浦", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷六·圣祖纪一", "quote": "辛未，以靳辅为河道总督。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1677", "from": 1677 }, "place": "高家堰（洪泽湖东岸）", "ll": [ 118.85, 33.3 ], "event": "到任时高家堰决三十余处，淮水全入运河，清口涸为陆地", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷二百七十九·靳辅传", "quote": "高家堰决三十馀处，淮水全入运河，黄水逆上至清水潭，浸淫四出。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "w-gaojiayan" }, { "year": { "text": "1677", "from": 1677 }, "place": "清江浦—云梯关（黄河尾闾）", "ll": [ 120.17, 34.2 ], "event": "八疏同日上：自清江浦至云梯关两旁挑引河、筑大堤束水入海", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷二百七十九·靳辅传", "quote": "首议疏下流，自清江浦至云梯关，於河身两旁离水三丈，各挑引河一道", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1677", "from": 1677 }, "place": "清口—清水潭运河", "ll": [ 119.2, 33.1 ], "event": "议闭通济闸坝，浚清口至清水潭运河二百三十里", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷二百七十九·靳辅传", "quote": "次议闭通济闸坝，濬清口至清水潭运河二百三十里，以所挑之土倾东西两堤之外", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1684", "from": 1684 }, "place": "清口（康熙首次南巡阅河）", "ll": [ 119.1, 33.62 ], "event": "康熙二十三年圣祖南巡阅河至清口，令添建石闸于清河运口", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷一百二十七·河渠志二", "quote": "二十三年，上南巡阅河，至清口，以运口水紧，令添建石闸于清河运口。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1686", "from": 1686 }, "place": "骆马湖—宿迁—桃源（中河）", "ll": [ 118.28, 33.96 ], "event": "自骆马湖凿渠历宿迁、桃源至清河仲家庄出口，名曰中河", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷一百二十七·河渠志二", "quote": "二十五年，辅以运道经黄河，风涛险恶，自骆马湖凿渠，历宿迁、桃源至清河仲家庄出口，名曰中河。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "suqian" }, { "year": { "text": "1688", "from": 1688 }, "place": "仲家庄（今淮安清江浦区西北）", "ll": [ 119.0, 33.7 ], "event": "张玉书等往视，称中河安流、舟楫甚便，避黄河百八十里之险", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷一百二十七·河渠志二", "quote": "二十七年，复遣尚书张玉书、图纳，左都御史马齐等往视，亦称中河安流，舟楫甚便。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "huaian" }, { "year": { "text": "1688-03", "from": 1688 }, "place": "北京乾清门", "ll": [ 116.39, 39.92 ], "event": "因屯田、下河之争与于成龙等廷辨，坐罢", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷二百七十九·靳辅传", "quote": "三月，上御乾清门，召辅与成龙、琇等廷辨，辅、成龙各持所见不相下。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1692", "from": 1692 }, "place": "清江浦", "ll": [ 119.03, 33.6 ], "event": "复起为河道总督，卒于任", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷二百七十九·靳辅传", "quote": "三十一年，新命罢，仍令辅为河督。辅以衰疾辞，命顺天府丞徐廷玺副之。……是冬，辅卒", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" } } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "qianlong", "name": "乾隆帝（弘历）", "dates": { "text": "1711—1799", "from": 1711, "to": 1799 }, "role": "清高宗，六次南巡皆循运河往返", "summary": "清高宗，1735年即位。仿康熙故事，于1751、1757、1762、1765、1780、1784年六次南巡江浙，均自北京循运河南下：经德州、济宁、泰安曲阜，至清口渡黄河，阅高家堰、天妃闸等黄淮运工程，经扬州渡江至镇江、苏州、杭州或江宁，再循原路北归。南巡以阅视河工、海塘为名，“大建堤堰，虽糜巨万帑金不恤”，也把运河沿线行宫、园林与盐商文化推向极盛，其耗费与漕制僵化为嘉道以后运河衰落埋下伏笔。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1751-01", "from": 1751 }, "place": "北京", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "初次南巡，奉皇太后启銮，免江苏、安徽逋赋及所过直隶、山东额赋十分之三", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷十一·高宗纪二", "quote": "十六年春正月庚子，以初次南巡，免江苏、安徽元年至十三年逋赋……辛亥，上奉皇太后南巡。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1751-02", "from": 1751 }, "place": "清口／天妃闸（今淮安）", "ll": [ 119.1, 33.62 ], "event": "渡河，阅天妃闸，阅高家堰", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷十一·高宗纪二", "quote": "丙子，上奉皇太后渡河，阅天妃闸。丁丑，阅高家堰。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "huaian" }, { "year": { "text": "1751-02", "from": 1751 }, "place": "焦山（今镇江）", "ll": [ 119.5, 32.22 ], "event": "幸焦山，渡江入江南运河", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷十一·高宗纪二", "quote": "乙酉，上幸焦山。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "jingkou" }, { "year": { "text": "1757", "from": 1757 }, "place": "北京→江南", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "第二次南巡，免江苏、安徽、浙江累年逋赋", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷十二·高宗纪三", "quote": "二十二年春正月甲午，以南巡免江苏、安徽、浙江累年逋赋。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1762", "from": 1762 }, "place": "北京→江南", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "第三次南巡，免直隶、山东经过地方本年钱粮十分之三", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷十二·高宗纪三", "quote": "丙午，上奉皇太后南巡，发京师，免直隶、山东经过地方本年钱粮十分之三，上年被灾处十分之五。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1765", "from": 1765 }, "place": "江宁（今南京）", "ll": [ 118.8, 32.06 ], "event": "第四次南巡，渡河阅河工，至江宁诣明太祖陵奠酒，渡江", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷十三·高宗纪四", "quote": "壬午，上诣明太祖陵奠酒。幸尹继善署。……丙戌，上奉皇太后渡江。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1780", "from": 1780 }, "place": "武家墩／高家堰（今洪泽湖东岸）", "ll": [ 118.85, 33.35 ], "event": "第五次南巡，幸杭州阅水师，回銮至武家墩阅高家堰堤工渡河", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷十四·高宗纪五", "quote": "丁巳，上至武家墩，阅高家堰堤工，渡河。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "w-gaojiayan" }, { "year": { "text": "1784-01", "from": 1784 }, "place": "北京", "ll": [ 116.4, 39.9 ], "event": "第六次南巡，免直隶、山东经过地方钱粮十分之三", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷十五·高宗纪六", "quote": "四十九年春正月丁未，上南巡，免直隶、山东经过地方本年钱粮十分之三。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "beijing" }, { "year": { "text": "1784-02", "from": 1784 }, "place": "泰安、曲阜", "ll": [ 117.12, 36.19 ], "event": "幸泰安诣岱庙，至曲阜谒先师庙、酹酒孔林", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷十五·高宗纪六", "quote": "二月壬戌，上幸泰安府，诣岱庙行礼。丙寅，上谒少昊陵。至曲阜谒先师庙。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1784", "from": 1784 }, "place": "江宁明孝陵", "ll": [ 118.85, 32.06 ], "event": "南巡至江宁祭明太祖陵，定二跪六拜之礼", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷八十六·礼志五", "quote": "四十九年，南巡至江宁，祭明太祖陵，礼臣具仪上", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" } }, { "year": { "text": "1751—1784", "from": 1751 }, "place": "杭州（运河南端）", "ll": [ 120.15, 30.27 ], "event": "六巡江浙，揆示工要，大建堤堰，虽糜巨万帑金不恤", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《清史稿》卷九十·礼志九", "quote": "六巡江浙，揆示工要，大建堤堰，虽糜巨万帑金不恤也。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/史藏/正史/清史稿.txt" }, "place_id": "qiantang" } ], "topics": [ "yunhe" ] }, { "id": "weiyuan", "name": "魏源", "dates": { "text": "1794—1857", "from": 1794, "to": 1857 }, "role": "《海国图志》编撰者，今文经学家、经世派学者", "summary": "字默深，湖南邵阳人。道光二年顺天举人，入赀为内阁中书，道光二十四五年间成进士，历署东台、兴化，补高邮知州。久居扬州，鸦片战争后据林则徐所译《四洲志》及中外史志，编成《海国图志》，由五十卷而六十卷而百卷，提出“师夷长技以制夷”。另著《圣武记》《书古微》《诗古微》《元史新编》。晚年寓杭州，卒于咸丰七年（《清史稿》作六年）。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1794（乾隆五十九年）", "from": 1794 }, "place": "邵阳金潭（今湖南隆回县司门前镇金潭村）", "ll": [ 111.08, 27.28 ], "event": "出生。", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "徐少文《魏源生平概述》（隆回新闻网）；《清史稿》仅作“邵阳人”(B)", "url": "https://www.longhuinews.cn/content/646754/61/13207526.html" }, "place_id": "shaoyang" }, { "year": { "text": "1841（道光二十一年夏）", "from": 1841 }, "place": "京口（今江苏镇江）", "ll": [ 119.45, 32.2 ], "event": "往晤遣戍途中的林则徐，对榻夜谈，作《江口晤林少穆制府》二首；通行说此时受《四洲志》等资料。", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "魏源《江口晤林少穆制府》，《魏源全集》第十二册（诗句转引）", "quote": "不辞京口月，肝胆醉轮囷", "url": "https://www.sohu.com/a/364438908_273853", "plain": "不推辞京口的月夜长谈，肝胆相照，醉意盘桓。" }, "place_id": "jingkou" }, { "year": { "text": "1842（道光二十二年十二月）", "from": 1842 }, "place": "扬州（絜园，今江苏扬州）", "ll": [ 119.43, 32.39 ], "event": "于扬州叙《海国图志》；扬州为五十卷本、六十卷本（1847）刊刻地。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "魏源《海国图志·原叙》（百卷本所载，署道光二十二年）（殆知阁本，原文无标点，引文中逗号为本条整理时代替空格所加，文字未改）", "quote": "道光二十有二载，岁在壬寅嘉平月，内阁中书邵阳魏源叙于扬州", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86/%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BE%E5%BF%97.txt", "plain": "道光二十二年，壬寅年十二月，内阁中书、邵阳人魏源在扬州写下这篇序。" }, "place_id": "guangling" }, { "year": { "text": "1847（道光二十七年）", "from": 1847 }, "place": "扬州", "ll": [ 119.43, 32.39 ], "event": "六十卷本《海国图志》刻于扬州。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "《海国图志》百卷本附记（殆知阁本，原文无标点，引文中逗号为本条整理时代替空格所加，文字未改）", "quote": "原刻六十卷，道光二十七载刻于扬州", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86/%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BE%E5%BF%97.txt", "plain": "最初刻印的是六十卷，道光二十七年在扬州刻版。" }, "place_id": "guangling" }, { "year": { "text": "1851—1853（咸丰元年—三年）", "from": 1851 }, "place": "高邮州（今江苏高邮）", "ll": [ 119.46, 32.78 ], "event": "补高邮知州；咸丰二年于高邮叙并刊行百卷本《海国图志》；后以迟误驿递免职。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "魏源《海国图志·后叙》（百卷本，咸丰二年）（殆知阁本，原文无标点，引文中逗号为本条整理时代替空格所加，文字未改）；任免见《清史稿·魏源传》(B)“补高邮，坐迟误驿递免”", "quote": "咸丰二年，邵阳魏源叙于高邮州", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86/%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BE%E5%BF%97.txt", "plain": "咸丰二年，邵阳人魏源在高邮州作序。" }, "place_id": "gaoyou" }, { "year": { "text": "1857（咸丰七年三月初一）", "from": 1857 }, "place": "杭州（今浙江杭州）", "ll": [ 120.16, 30.27 ], "event": "卒于杭州（寓僧舍），葬杭州南屏方家峪。", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "徐少文《魏源生平概述》；《清史稿·魏源传》作“咸丰六年，卒”，未记卒地", "url": "https://www.longhuinews.cn/content/646754/61/13207526.html" }, "place_id": "qiantang" } ], "topics": [ "haiguo" ] }, { "id": "linzexu", "name": "林则徐", "dates": { "text": "1785—1850", "from": 1785, "to": 1850 }, "role": "钦差大臣、两广总督，《四洲志》主持者", "summary": "字少穆，福建侯官人，嘉庆十六年进士。道光十八年力主严禁鸦片，受钦差大臣赴粤，十九年春抵广州，虎门销烟，整顿海防，并组织译员翻译外国书报，编成《四洲志》。二十年革职，次年遣戍伊犁，途经京口与魏源相晤。后在新疆兴屯垦，召还历任陕甘、云贵。道光三十年奉命赴广西，行次潮州病卒，谥文忠。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1839（道光十九年春）", "from": 1839 }, "place": "广州（今广东广州）", "ll": [ 113.26, 23.13 ], "event": "以钦差大臣抵粤查禁鸦片；组织译员翻译慕瑞《世界地理大全》等外文书报，成《四洲志》。", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《清史稿·林则徐传》", "quote": "授钦差大臣，赴广东查办，十九年春，至。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%B8%85%E5%8F%B2%E7%A8%BF.txt", "plain": "（林则徐）被任命为钦差大臣，去广东查办（鸦片），道光十九年春天到达。" }, "place_id": "guangzhou" }, { "year": { "text": "1839（道光十九年四—五月）", "from": 1839 }, "place": "虎门（今广东东莞虎门镇）", "ll": [ 113.67, 22.82 ], "event": "亲临虎门验收缴获鸦片，于海滨销毁，四十余日始尽；并规划虎门三重门户防务。", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《清史稿·林则徐传》", "quote": "亲莅虎门验收，焚於海滨，四十馀日始尽。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%B8%85%E5%8F%B2%E7%A8%BF.txt", "plain": "亲自到虎门验收，在海边销毁，四十多天才烧完。" }, "place_id": "humen" }, { "year": { "text": "1841（道光二十一年春）", "from": 1841 }, "place": "镇海（今浙江宁波镇海）", "ll": [ 121.72, 29.95 ], "event": "以四品卿衔赴浙江镇海协防。", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《清史稿·林则徐传》", "quote": "二十一年春，予则徐四品卿衔，赴浙江镇海协防。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%B8%85%E5%8F%B2%E7%A8%BF.txt", "plain": "道光二十一年春，授予林则徐四品卿衔，派往浙江镇海协助防守。" }, "place_id": "zhenhai" }, { "year": { "text": "1841（道光二十一年夏）", "from": 1841 }, "place": "京口（今江苏镇江）", "ll": [ 119.45, 32.2 ], "event": "被遣戍伊犁途经京口，与魏源会晤；通行说此时以《四洲志》等资料付魏源。", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "陈先初、胡慧娥《魏源“师夷长技以制夷”思想再探》", "quote": "1841年6月底，林则徐在京口与魏源晤谈，将《四洲志》手稿全盘交付魏源", "url": "https://www.sohu.com/a/364438908_273853" }, "place_id": "jingkou" }, { "year": { "text": "1841—1842（道光二十一—二十二年）", "from": 1841 }, "place": "开封祥符（今河南开封）", "ll": [ 114.31, 34.8 ], "event": "中途奉命襄办黄河决口堵筑，工竣后仍赴戍。", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《清史稿·林则徐传》", "quote": "会河决开封，中途奉命襄办塞决，二十二年，工竣，仍赴戍", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%B8%85%E5%8F%B2%E7%A8%BF.txt", "plain": "正值黄河在开封决口，他在半路奉命协助堵口；道光二十二年工程完成，仍旧前往戍地。" }, "place_id": "kaifeng" }, { "year": { "text": "1842—1845（道光二十二—二十五年）", "from": 1842 }, "place": "伊犁惠远城（今新疆霍城县惠远镇）", "ll": [ 80.93, 43.95 ], "event": "遣戍伊犁；后奉派周历南疆兴办屯田，二十五年召还。", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《清史稿·林则徐传》（戍地与屯田；抵伊犁日期未取原文）", "quote": "新疆兴治屯田，将军布彦泰请以则徐综其事。周历南八城", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%B8%85%E5%8F%B2%E7%A8%BF.txt", "plain": "新疆兴办屯田，伊犁将军布彦泰奏请让林则徐总管此事；他走遍了南疆八城。" }, "place_id": "huiyuan" }, { "year": { "text": "1850（道光三十年）", "from": 1850 }, "place": "潮州府普宁（今广东普宁）", "ll": [ 116.17, 23.3 ], "event": "奉命赴广西督师，行次潮州病卒。", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《清史稿·林则徐传》（卒于普宁行馆为通行说，史稿仅作潮州）", "quote": "行次潮州，病卒。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garychowcmu/daizhigev20/master/%E5%8F%B2%E8%97%8F/%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2/%E6%B8%85%E5%8F%B2%E7%A8%BF.txt", "plain": "走到潮州时，病逝。" }, "place_id": "puning" } ], "topics": [ "haiguo" ] }, { "id": "sakuma_shozan", "name": "佐久间象山", "dates": { "text": "1811—1864", "from": 1811, "to": 1864 }, "role": "松代藩士、兵学·洋学者", "summary": "天保十三年（1842）鸦片战争之际上书言海防。1854年因门人吉田松阴密航案下狱，狱中所撰《省諐录》记读魏源著作，惊叹二人同年“感时著言”，称魏源为“海外同志”；但他主张讲求炮舰、邀击外海，并批评魏书所辑铳炮之说粗疏，体现出对《海国图志》既共鸣又超越的态度。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1842", "from": 1842 }, "place": "江户", "ll": [ 139.76, 35.68 ], "event": "天保壬寅十一月上书陈海防策（《省諐录》自述）", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "《省諐録》录文（网络录文，未与原刻对校，降为 B）", "url": "http://sybrma.sakura.ne.jp/359syouzan.seikenroku2.html", "quote": "予感慨時事上書陳策實天保壬寅十一月也", "plain": "我感慨时事，上书陈述对策，那是天保壬寅年（1842）十一月。" }, "place_id": "edo" }, { "year": { "text": "1854", "from": 1854 }, "place": "江户（传马町狱）", "ll": [ 139.776, 35.691 ], "event": "因吉田松阴密航事件下狱，著《省諐录》论魏源", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "一般史实，未取原文" }, "place_id": "edo" }, { "year": { "text": "1864", "from": 1864 }, "place": "京都", "ll": [ 135.768, 35.012 ], "event": "在京都遇刺身亡", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "〔今人〕通说" }, "place_id": "kyoto" } ], "topics": [ "haiguo" ] }, { "id": "yoshida_shoin", "name": "吉田松阴", "dates": { "text": "1830—1859", "from": 1830, "to": 1859 }, "role": "长州藩士、思想家、松下村塾主持", "summary": "佐久间象山门人。1854年佩里第二次来航时企图于下田登美舰密航失败，被押回萩入野山狱，狱中大量读书。国立国会图书馆解说列其为《海国图志》的读者；中文综述引其1854年11月书信称林则徐、魏源为有志之士。松阴全集原文未见，读书时间与原话待核。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1854", "from": 1854 }, "place": "下田", "ll": [ 138.94, 34.68 ], "event": "企图登佩里舰队密航未遂", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "〔今人〕通说" }, "place_id": "shimoda" }, { "year": { "text": "1854", "from": 1854 }, "place": "萩·野山狱", "ll": [ 131.4, 34.41 ], "event": "入野山狱，狱中读书（据研究读《海国图志》）", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "〔数据库〕国立国会図書館电子展示「知識を世界に求めて」开国期における西洋知識の移入", "url": "https://www.ndl.go.jp/d_exhibitions/honyaku/211", "quote": "本書は、佐久間象山や吉田松陰ら、幕末の知識人たちの間で読まれた。", "plain": "此书在佐久间象山、吉田松阴等幕末知识人中间广为阅读。" }, "place_id": "hagi" }, { "year": { "text": "1859", "from": 1859 }, "place": "江户", "ll": [ 139.76, 35.68 ], "event": "安政大狱中被处死", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "〔今人〕通说" }, "place_id": "edo" } ], "topics": [ "haiguo" ] }, { "id": "yokoi_shonan", "name": "横井小楠", "dates": { "text": "1809—1869", "from": 1809, "to": 1869 }, "role": "熊本藩士、儒者、越前藩政顾问", "summary": "肥后实学党领袖。安政二年（1855）前后移居沼山津，与门人内藤泰吉共读《海国图志》美、英、俄诸国篇，由此了解欧美政治经济，思想由攘夷转向有条件开国，后在福井藩著《国是三论》（1860）。与《海国图志》的关系见今人研究，本人原话尚未取得。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1855", "from": 1855 }, "place": "熊本·沼山津", "ll": [ 130.78, 32.78 ], "event": "与内藤泰吉共读《海国图志》各国篇", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "荒川紘「横井小楠の教育・政治思想」2011", "url": "https://www.aichi-toho.ac.jp/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/201106004001_08.pdf" }, "place_id": "kumamoto" }, { "year": { "text": "1858", "from": 1858 }, "place": "福井", "ll": [ 136.22, 36.06 ], "event": "应越前藩主松平春岳之聘赴福井", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "〔今人〕通说" }, "place_id": "fukui" }, { "year": { "text": "1869", "from": 1869 }, "place": "京都", "ll": [ 135.768, 35.012 ], "event": "在京都遇刺身亡", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "〔今人〕通说" }, "place_id": "kyoto" } ], "topics": [ "haiguo" ] }, { "id": "hashimoto_sanai", "name": "桥本左内", "dates": { "text": "1834—1859", "from": 1834, "to": 1859 }, "role": "福井藩士、藩医、洋学者", "summary": "福井藩士，曾于大阪适塾学兰学，后辅佐松平春岳参与将军继嗣运动，1859年死于安政大狱。日本国立公文书馆展示称《海国图志》给左内等志士以深刻感铭，但左内书信或著作中提及此书的原文未见，关系暂列 C 级待核。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1849", "from": 1849 }, "place": "大阪·适塾", "ll": [ 135.502, 34.693 ], "event": "入绪方洪庵适塾学兰学（年份为通行说法）", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "〔今人〕通说" }, "place_id": "osaka" }, { "year": { "text": "1859", "from": 1859 }, "place": "江户", "ll": [ 139.76, 35.68 ], "event": "安政大狱中被处死", "cite": { "grade": "C", "source": "〔今人〕通说" }, "place_id": "edo" } ], "topics": [ "haiguo" ] }, { "id": "shionoya_toin", "name": "盐谷宕阴（世弘、甲藏）", "dates": { "text": "1809—1867", "from": 1809, "to": 1867 }, "role": "幕府儒官", "summary": "受幕臣川路圣谟委托，与箕作阮甫合作为《海国图志·筹海篇》加训点，嘉永七年由江户须原屋伊八刊为《翻栞海国图志》，开日本翻刻《海国图志》之端。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1854", "from": 1854 }, "place": "江户浅草茅町", "ll": [ 139.785, 35.698 ], "event": "训点本《翻栞海国图志》刊行", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "〔数据库〕国立国会図書館电子展示「知識を世界に求めて」开国期における西洋知識の移入", "url": "https://www.ndl.go.jp/d_exhibitions/honyaku/211", "quote": "幕臣・川路聖謨の依頼で儒学者・塩谷世弘が訓点を", "plain": "受幕臣川路圣谟委托，儒学者盐谷世弘加训点。" }, "place_id": "edo" } ], "topics": [ "haiguo" ] }, { "id": "mitsukuri_genpo", "name": "箕作阮甫", "dates": { "text": "1799—1863", "from": 1799, "to": 1863 }, "role": "津山藩医、兰学者，后任蕃书调所教授", "summary": "与盐谷宕阴合校《翻栞海国图志》，负责为地名等西洋专名加注读音，使汉文本便于日本读者理解。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "1854", "from": 1854 }, "place": "江户", "ll": [ 139.785, 35.698 ], "event": "校《翻栞海国图志》地名读音", "cite": { "grade": "B", "source": "〔数据库〕国立国会図書館电子展示「知識を世界に求めて」开国期における西洋知識の移入", "url": "https://www.ndl.go.jp/d_exhibitions/honyaku/211", "quote": "蘭学者・箕作阮甫が地名などに読み仮名を付して", "plain": "兰学者箕作阮甫为地名等标注读音。" }, "place_id": "edo" } ], "topics": [ "haiguo" ] }, { "id": "xuanzang", "name": "玄奘", "dates": { "text": "约602—664", "from": 602, "to": 664 }, "role": "西行求法僧，《大唐西域记》口述者，唐初译经大师", "summary": "俗姓陈，名祎，洛州缑氏人。十三岁左右于洛阳得度，游学成都、荆州、相州、赵州、长安，因诸师所说不一，发愿西行求《瑜伽师地论》。贞观三年（629）上表不许而私行出关，经高昌、天山北道、中亚诸国与覩货逻故地入五印度，在那烂陀寺从戒贤学五年，遍游东南西印度，贞观十六年（642）在曲女城大会立论，十九年（645）正月携梵本六百五十七部返抵长安。此后在弘福寺、大慈恩寺、玉华宫主持译场近二十年，译出经论七十余部一千三百余卷，麟德元年（664）二月卒于玉华寺。生年诸说不一。", "route": [ { "seq": 1, "year": { "text": "约602（隋仁寿二年，诸说不一）", "from": 602 }, "place": "洛州缑氏县凤凰谷陈村（今河南偃师缑氏镇陈河村一带）", "ll": [ 112.8, 34.6 ], "place_id": "xz-01", "event": "玄奘俗姓陈，生于缑氏，为陈慧第四子，幼年即随父诵习《孝经》。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷九（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "寺西北岭下缑氏县之东南凤凰谷陈村亦名陈堡，即法师之生地也", "plain": "（少林）寺西北岭下、缑氏县东南的凤凰谷陈村，又名陈堡，就是法师的出生地。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "出关", "note": "生年原文无明文，见 unresolved；今陈河村比定据地方文献，与原文“陈村”对应。" }, { "seq": 2, "year": { "text": "约612—614（隋大业年间）", "from": 613 }, "place": "东都洛阳净土寺（今河南洛阳）", "ll": [ 112.45, 34.62 ], "place_id": "luoyang", "event": "随二兄长捷住净土寺诵习经业，适逢朝廷在洛阳度僧，大理卿郑善果破格录取少年玄奘出家。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "果深嘉其志，又贤其器貌，故特而取之", "plain": "郑善果十分赞许他的志向，又看重他的气度相貌，所以破格录取了他。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "出关", "stay": "数年", "note": "度僧之年原文未载，按“时年十三”（覆述《摄论》）约推。" }, { "seq": 3, "year": { "text": "618（武德元年）", "from": 618 }, "place": "长安（今陕西西安）", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "place_id": "changan", "event": "隋末洛阳丧乱，玄奘与兄投奔已为唐所据的长安，因京城无讲席，旋即经子午谷入汉川。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "兄从之，即共俱来，时武德元年矣", "plain": "兄长听从了他，于是一同来到长安，那时是武德元年。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "出关", "stay": "短暂" }, { "seq": 4, "year": { "text": "约618—624（武德元年至七年间）", "from": 619 }, "place": "成都（今四川成都）", "ll": [ 104.07, 30.67 ], "place_id": "xz-04", "event": "在成都从道基、宝暹等听《摄论》《毘昙》，二三年间究通诸部，武德五年于成都受具足戒；后私随商人泛舟三峡东下。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "法师年满二十，即以武德五年于成都受具", "plain": "法师年满二十岁，就在武德五年于成都受了具足戒。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "出关", "stay": "约五年", "note": "离蜀之年原文未载；其后经荆州天皇寺、相州、赵州北游。" }, { "seq": 5, "year": { "text": "约625—629（武德末至贞观初）", "from": 625 }, "place": "长安大觉寺（今陕西西安）", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "place_id": "changan", "event": "经荆州、相州、赵州问学后入长安，住大觉寺从道岳学《俱舍》，又从法常、僧辩问学；因诸师所说不一，发愿西行，结侣上表而未获批准。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "于是结侣陈表。有瞾不许。诸人咸退，唯法师不屈", "plain": "于是结伴上表请求西行，朝廷下诏不许。同伴都退缩了，只有法师不肯放弃。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "出关", "stay": "数年", "note": "入京年份原文未载，约推。" }, { "seq": 6, "year": { "text": "629（贞观三年）秋", "from": 629 }, "place": "凉州（今甘肃武威）", "ll": [ 102.64, 37.93 ], "place_id": "xz-06", "event": "随秦州僧孝达经秦州、兰州至凉州，讲《涅槃》《摄论》《般若》月余；都督李大亮奉禁令逼其还京，惠威法师密遣二弟子送其西行。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "凉州为河西都会，襟带西蕃、葱右诸国，商侣往来，无有停绝", "plain": "凉州是河西的大都会，连接西方各蕃和葱岭以西诸国，商队往来从不间断。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "出关", "stay": "月余" }, { "seq": 7, "year": { "text": "629（贞观三年）", "from": 629 }, "place": "瓜州（今甘肃瓜州县锁阳城一带）", "ll": [ 96.2, 40.23 ], "place_id": "xz-07", "event": "昼伏夜行抵瓜州，访得西路情形；凉州追捕文牒至，州吏李昌当面撕毁；得胡人石槃陀为向导。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "自是不敢公出，乃昼伏夜行，遂至瓜州", "plain": "从此不敢公开行路，只好白天躲藏夜里赶路，终于到了瓜州。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "出关", "stay": "月余", "note": "唐瓜州治晋昌，一般比定为锁阳城遗址。" }, { "seq": 8, "year": { "text": "629（贞观三年）", "from": 629 }, "place": "瓠芦河、玉门关与五烽（今甘肃瓜州县以北疏勒河一带）", "ll": [ 96.4, 40.55 ], "place_id": "xz-08", "event": "夜渡瓠芦河绕过玉门关，石槃陀中途折返；独行至第一烽被箭射，校尉王祥感其志放行，并指引至第四烽王伯陇处取水。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "上置玉门关，路必由之，即西境之襟喉也", "plain": "河上设有玉门关，路必须经过这里，是西部边境的咽喉要地。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "出关", "stay": "数日", "note": "唐玉门关及五烽的确切位置学界尚有争议，坐标仅示意。" }, { "seq": 9, "year": { "text": "629（贞观三年）", "from": 629 }, "place": "莫贺延碛（八百里沙河，今哈密以东噶顺戈壁）", "ll": [ 94.5, 42.0 ], "place_id": "xz-09", "event": "失手打翻水囊、迷失道路，发誓“宁可就西而死”，四夜五日滴水未进，终得老马识途寻到草池，出流沙达伊吾。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "长八百余里，古曰沙河，上无飞鸟，下无走兽，复无水草", "plain": "长八百多里，古称沙河，天上没有飞鸟，地上没有走兽，也没有水草。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "出关", "stay": "约十日", "note": "坐标取碛之中段示意。" }, { "seq": 10, "year": { "text": "629（贞观三年）", "from": 629 }, "place": "伊吾（今新疆哈密）", "ll": [ 93.51, 42.82 ], "place_id": "xz-10", "event": "至伊吾寺中，老年汉僧抱之痛哭；高昌王麴文泰使者适在伊吾，归报其王，高昌王遣使迎请。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "抱法师哭，哀号鲠咽不能已已，言：「岂期今日重见乡人！」", "plain": "抱着法师痛哭，哽咽不止，说：“哪里想到今天还能再见到家乡人！”", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "西域", "stay": "十余日" }, { "seq": 11, "year": { "text": "约629年末—630年初（贞观三至四年）", "from": 630 }, "place": "高昌王城（今新疆吐鲁番高昌故城）", "ll": [ 89.53, 42.85 ], "place_id": "xz-11", "event": "高昌王麴文泰强留供养，玄奘绝食三日明志；王遂与之结为兄弟，约定归途留住三年，并讲《仁王经》一月，王资以沙弥、马匹、金银及致二十四国书信。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "对母张太妃，共法师约为兄弟，任师求法", "plain": "当着母亲张太妃的面，与法师结为兄弟，任由法师去求法。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "西域", "stay": "一月余", "note": "抵高昌的具体月份原文未载，据出发于八月、瓜州停留月余等推算。" }, { "seq": 12, "year": { "text": "约630（贞观四年）", "from": 630 }, "place": "屈支（龟兹，今新疆库车）", "ll": [ 82.96, 41.72 ], "place_id": "xz-12", "event": "经阿耆尼国至屈支，与游学印度二十余年的木叉毱多辩论《俱舍》，毱多理屈；因凌山雪路未开滞留六十余日。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "时为凌山雪路未开，不得进发，淹停六十余日", "plain": "当时凌山的雪路还没开通，无法出发，滞留了六十多天。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "西域", "stay": "六十余日" }, { "seq": 13, "year": { "text": "约630（贞观四年）", "from": 630 }, "place": "凌山（葱岭北隅，今天山别迭里山口一带）", "ll": [ 78.45, 41.42 ], "place_id": "xz-13", "event": "翻越冰雪凌山，七日方出山，同行者冻饿而死者十有三四，牛马更多。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "将欲眠食，复无燥处可停，唯知悬釜而炊，席氷而寝", "plain": "想要吃饭睡觉，又没有干燥的地方可以停留，只能吊起锅来做饭，铺冰为席睡觉。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "西域", "stay": "七日", "note": "凌山究为别迭里山口抑或木扎尔特山口，学界有两说。" }, { "seq": 14, "year": { "text": "约630（贞观四年）", "from": 630 }, "place": "素叶城（碎叶，今吉尔吉斯斯坦托克马克附近阿克·贝希姆遗址）", "ll": [ 75.2, 42.8 ], "place_id": "xz-14", "event": "沿大清池（伊塞克湖）西北行至素叶城，逢突厥叶护可汗出猎；可汗盛宴款待，劝其勿往炎热的印度，后派通汉语的摩咄达官护送至迦毕试；此后经赭时，穿大碛至飒秣建（今撒马尔罕），其王奉火祆，经玄奘说法而请受斋戒。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "至素叶城，逢突厥叶护可汗，方事畋游，戎马甚盛", "plain": "到达素叶城，遇到突厥叶护可汗正在打猎，兵马十分强盛。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "西域", "stay": "数日", "note": "此叶护可汗通常比定为统叶护，但其卒年与629年出发说冲突，见 unresolved。" }, { "seq": 15, "year": { "text": "约630（贞观四年）", "from": 630 }, "place": "活国（今阿富汗昆都士）", "ll": [ 68.86, 36.73 ], "place_id": "xz-15", "event": "出铁门入覩货罗故地，渡缚刍河至活国，见叶护可汗长子、高昌王妹婿呾度设；逢其被毒杀、新设篡立之变，停月余，后南往缚喝国礼圣迹、从般若羯罗读《毘婆沙》。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "至活国，即叶护可汗长子呾度设所居之地，又是高昌王妹婿", "plain": "到了活国，这是叶护可汗长子呾度设居住的地方，他又是高昌王的妹夫。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "覩货逻", "stay": "月余（另缚喝月余）" }, { "seq": 16, "year": { "text": "约630（贞观四年）", "from": 630 }, "place": "梵衍那（今阿富汗巴米扬）", "ll": [ 67.83, 34.82 ], "place_id": "xz-16", "event": "自缚喝与慧性法师南行，入大雪山六百余里至梵衍那，礼大立佛等圣迹，停十五日。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "涂路艰危，倍于凌碛之地，凝云飞雪，曾不暂霁", "plain": "道路艰险，比凌山和沙碛还加倍，浓云飞雪，从没有片刻放晴。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "覩货逻", "stay": "十五日" }, { "seq": 17, "year": { "text": "约630—631（贞观四至五年）", "from": 630 }, "place": "迦毕试（今阿富汗喀布尔以北贝格拉姆）", "ll": [ 69.27, 35.0 ], "place_id": "xz-17", "event": "度黑山至迦毕试，住相传为汉质子所造的沙落迦寺，为寺众开掘质子所藏宝物以修塔；于此夏坐，并在王所主持大小乘法集五日。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "于沙落迦安居讫，其慧性法师重为覩货罗王请却还，法师与别", "plain": "在沙落迦寺结束夏安居后，慧性法师又被覩货罗王请回，法师与他分别。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "覩货逻", "stay": "一夏" }, { "seq": 18, "year": { "text": "约631（贞观五年）", "from": 631 }, "place": "那揭罗曷（今阿富汗贾拉拉巴德；灯光城西南瞿波罗龙窟）", "ll": [ 70.45, 34.43 ], "place_id": "xz-18", "event": "越黑岭入北印度境，经滥波至那揭罗曷，礼佛顶骨城；不顾盗贼独往瞿波罗龙窟，途中感化五名劫匪，至诚礼拜数百次后得见佛影。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "遂一窟大明，见如来影皎然在壁，如开云雾忽覩金山", "plain": "于是整个石窟大放光明，只见如来的影像清晰地显现在石壁上，就像拨开云雾忽然看见金山。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "北印度", "stay": "不详" }, { "seq": 19, "year": { "text": "约631（贞观五年）", "from": 631 }, "place": "健驮逻国都布路沙布罗（今巴基斯坦白沙瓦）", "ll": [ 71.57, 34.01 ], "place_id": "xz-19", "event": "至健驮逻，礼迦腻色迦王大塔、佛钵台等；并由此北入乌仗那国（今斯瓦特）巡礼，又南渡信度河至呾叉始罗，东南行赴迦湿弥罗。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "其国东临信度河，都城号布路沙布罗", "plain": "这个国家东邻信度河，都城叫布路沙布罗。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "北印度", "stay": "不详" }, { "seq": 20, "year": { "text": "约631—632（贞观五至六年，原文“首尾二年”）", "from": 631 }, "place": "迦湿弥罗（今克什米尔斯利那加）", "ll": [ 74.8, 34.08 ], "place_id": "xz-20", "event": "国王遣弟以车马迎入，给书手二十人抄写经论；从年近七十的僧称法师学《俱舍》《顺正理》《因明》《声明》。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "如是停留首尾二年，学诸经、论，礼圣迹已，乃辞出", "plain": "就这样前后停留两年，学习各种经论、礼拜圣迹之后，才告辞离开。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "北印度", "stay": "首尾二年", "note": "两年停留与629年出发、631年抵那烂陀之说难以相容，见 unresolved。" }, { "seq": 21, "year": { "text": "约632—633（推算）", "from": 632 }, "place": "至那仆底（今印度旁遮普邦阿姆利则—菲罗兹布尔一带）", "ll": [ 74.87, 31.28 ], "place_id": "xz-21", "event": "途经磔迦国波罗奢大林遇五十余贼尽劫衣资，幸免于难；后至至那仆底国突舍萨那寺，从毘腻多钵腊婆学《对法》《显宗》《理门》诸论。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "因住十四月，学《对法论》、《显宗论》、《理门论》等", "plain": "于是住了十四个月，学习《对法论》《显宗论》《理门论》等。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "北印度", "stay": "十四个月", "note": "至那仆底比定未定（或说今菲罗兹布尔、帕蒂附近），坐标仅示意；其后又在阇烂达那停四月、禄勒那一冬半春、秣底补罗半春一夏。" }, { "seq": 22, "year": { "text": "约633（推算）", "from": 633 }, "place": "羯若鞠阇（曲女城，今印度北方邦卡瑙季）", "ll": [ 79.92, 27.05 ], "place_id": "xz-22", "event": "经秣兔罗、萨他泥湿伐罗、禄勒那、秣底补罗等国，至戒日王都城羯若鞠阇，住跋达逻毘诃罗寺三月读毘婆沙论。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "到跋达逻毘诃罗寺住三月", "plain": "到跋达逻毘诃罗寺住了三个月。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "中印度", "stay": "三月" }, { "seq": 23, "year": { "text": "约633（推算）", "from": 633 }, "place": "阿踰陀国附近殑伽河上（今北方邦坎普尔以东一带）", "ll": [ 80.6, 26.4 ], "place_id": "xz-23", "event": "自阿踰陀顺殑伽河东下，途遇奉突伽天神的河贼，欲杀玄奘祭神；玄奘临坛专念弥勒，忽黑风四起、船舫漂覆，群贼惊惧忏悔受戒。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷三（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "须臾之间黑风四起，折树飞沙，河流涌浪，船舫漂覆，贼徒大骇", "plain": "片刻之间黑风四起，树木折断、飞沙走石，河水翻涌起浪，船只被打翻，群贼大为惊恐。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "中印度", "stay": "不详", "note": "阿踰陀之比定有今阿约提亚与坎普尔附近诸说；原文称其在殑伽河南，与今阿约提亚不合，坐标取遇贼河段示意。" }, { "seq": 24, "year": { "text": "约633（推算）", "from": 633 }, "place": "钵逻耶伽（今印度北方邦普拉亚格拉杰）", "ll": [ 81.88, 25.43 ], "place_id": "xz-24", "event": "经阿耶穆佉至钵逻耶伽，见两河交汇处历代诸王布施的大施场；再西南入大林至憍赏弥礼优填王檀像。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷三（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "自古已来诸王豪族仁慈惠施，皆至于此，因号其处为大施场", "plain": "自古以来诸王和豪族行仁慈布施，都到这里来，因此称此地为大施场。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "中印度", "stay": "不详" }, { "seq": 25, "year": { "text": "约633（推算）", "from": 633 }, "place": "室罗伐悉底（舍卫城，今北方邦什拉瓦斯蒂）", "ll": [ 82.04, 27.52 ], "place_id": "xz-25", "event": "经鞞索迦至室罗伐悉底，礼逝多林给孤独园故址。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷三（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "城南五六里有逝多林。即给孤独园也。昔为伽蓝，今已颓毁", "plain": "城南五六里有逝多林，就是给孤独园。从前是寺院，如今已经颓毁。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "中印度", "stay": "不详" }, { "seq": 26, "year": { "text": "约633（推算）", "from": 633 }, "place": "劫比罗伐窣堵（迦毗罗卫，今尼泊尔提劳拉科特一带）", "ll": [ 83.05, 27.58 ], "place_id": "xz-26", "event": "至佛陀故国，礼净饭王宫殿故基、摩耶夫人寝殿及太子逾城处等圣迹。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷三（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "内有故基，净饭王之正殿，上建精舍，中作王像", "plain": "城内有旧基址，是净饭王的正殿，上面建有精舍，里面塑着国王的像。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "中印度", "stay": "不详", "note": "迦毗罗卫有尼泊尔提劳拉科特与印度比普拉瓦两种比定。" }, { "seq": 27, "year": { "text": "约633（推算）", "from": 633 }, "place": "拘尸那揭罗（今北方邦库希纳加尔）", "ll": [ 83.89, 26.74 ], "place_id": "xz-27", "event": "经蓝摩国穿荒林至拘尸那揭罗，礼娑罗双树如来涅槃处。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷三（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "其树似槲而皮青叶白，甚光润，四双齐高，即如来涅槃处也", "plain": "这种树像槲树，树皮青色叶子白色，很有光泽，四对树一样高，就是如来涅槃的地方。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "中印度", "stay": "不详" }, { "seq": 28, "year": { "text": "约633（推算）", "from": 633 }, "place": "婆罗痆斯鹿野苑（今北方邦瓦拉纳西萨尔纳特）", "ll": [ 83.02, 25.38 ], "place_id": "xz-28", "event": "穿大林至婆罗痆斯，礼鹿野伽蓝初转法轮处；再东经战主国、吠舍厘，南渡殑伽河入摩揭陀。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷三（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "前有石柱，高七十余尺，是佛初转法轮处", "plain": "前面有石柱，高七十多尺，是佛陀初次转法轮的地方。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "中印度", "stay": "不详" }, { "seq": 29, "year": { "text": "约633（推算；原文作答戒贤“在路三年”）", "from": 633 }, "place": "菩提树（今比哈尔邦菩提伽耶）", "ll": [ 84.99, 24.7 ], "place_id": "xz-29", "event": "经波咤厘子城至菩提树，礼金刚座与成道像，五体投地悲泣自伤生逢像季；停八九日，那烂陀寺派四大德来迎。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷三（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "佛成道时，不知漂沦何趣。今于像季方乃至斯。", "plain": "佛陀成道的时候，不知道我漂泊沦落在哪一道里。如今到了像法时期才来到这里。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "中印度", "stay": "八九日" }, { "seq": 30, "year": { "text": "约631/633—636（推算，原文“凡经五岁”）", "from": 633 }, "place": "那烂陀寺（今比哈尔邦那烂陀遗址）", "ll": [ 85.44, 25.14 ], "place_id": "xz-30", "event": "僧众千余人迎入寺中，拜戒贤（正法藏）为师，受上宾供养；听戒贤讲《瑜伽师地论》十五月，兼学诸部及梵书，并往王舍城、鹫峰诸圣迹巡礼。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷三（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "如是钻研诸部及学梵书，凡经五岁", "plain": "就这样钻研各部经论并学习梵文，总共经历了五年。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "那烂陀", "stay": "五年", "note": "抵寺年份：若按629年出发顺推约633—637，若按曲女城大会（642）倒推约631；见 unresolved。" }, { "seq": 31, "year": { "text": "约636—637（推算）", "from": 636 }, "place": "伊烂拏钵伐多（今比哈尔邦蒙吉尔一带）", "ll": [ 86.47, 25.38 ], "place_id": "xz-31", "event": "离那烂陀东行，途经迦布德伽蓝向观自在像发三愿；至伊烂拏国从怛他揭多毱多、羼底僧诃读《毘婆沙》《顺正理》。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷三（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "又停一年，就读《毘婆沙》、《顺正理》等", "plain": "又停留一年，学习《毘婆沙论》《顺正理论》等。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东南西印度巡礼", "stay": "一年", "note": "伊烂拏钵伐多多比定为蒙吉尔（Monghyr）一带。" }, { "seq": 32, "year": { "text": "约637（推算）", "from": 637 }, "place": "耽摩栗底（今西孟加拉邦坦姆卢克）", "ll": [ 87.92, 22.3 ], "place_id": "xz-32", "event": "经瞻波、奔那伐弹那、羯罗拏苏伐剌那、三摩呾吒至海口耽摩栗底，本拟由海路往僧伽罗，南印度僧劝其改由陆路南行。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷四（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "是时闻海中有僧伽罗国，有明上座部三藏及解《瑜伽论》者", "plain": "这时听说海中有僧伽罗国，有精通上座部三藏和懂得《瑜伽论》的人。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东南西印度巡礼", "stay": "不详" }, { "seq": 33, "year": { "text": "约637（推算）", "from": 637 }, "place": "南憍萨罗（今恰蒂斯加尔邦西尔布尔一带）", "ll": [ 82.18, 21.35 ], "place_id": "xz-33", "event": "经乌荼、恭御陀、羯䬛伽，西北至南憍萨罗，从当地婆罗门读陈那《集量论》。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷四（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "其国有婆罗门善解因明，法师就停月余日，读《集量论》", "plain": "这个国家有一位精通因明的婆罗门，法师就在那里停留一个多月，研读《集量论》。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东南西印度巡礼", "stay": "月余", "note": "南憍萨罗都城比定未定（西尔布尔、昌达等说），坐标仅示意。" }, { "seq": 34, "year": { "text": "约637—638（推算）", "from": 637 }, "place": "驮那羯磔迦（今安得拉邦阿马拉瓦蒂）", "ll": [ 80.36, 16.58 ], "place_id": "xz-34", "event": "经案达罗国至驮那羯磔迦，与苏部底、苏利耶二僧互学，学大众部《根本阿毘达摩》，结伴巡礼。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷四（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "法师因就停数月，学大众部《根本阿毘达摩》等论", "plain": "法师于是在那里停留几个月，学习大众部《根本阿毘达摩》等论。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东南西印度巡礼", "stay": "数月" }, { "seq": 35, "year": { "text": "约638（推算）", "from": 638 }, "place": "达罗毗荼国都建志补罗（今泰米尔纳德邦甘吉布勒姆）", "ll": [ 79.7, 12.83 ], "place_id": "xz-35", "event": "经珠利耶至建志补罗，欲渡海往僧伽罗；适僧伽罗王死、国内饥乱，三百余僧逃来印度，玄奘遂未渡海，询知其国情形后北返。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷四（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "建志城即印度南海之口，向僧伽罗国水路三日行到", "plain": "建志城是印度南海的港口，从这里走水路三天就能到僧伽罗国。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东南西印度巡礼", "stay": "不详" }, { "seq": 36, "year": { "text": "约638—639（推算）", "from": 638 }, "place": "伐腊毗（今古吉拉特邦瓦拉）", "ll": [ 71.88, 21.87 ], "place_id": "xz-36", "event": "与僧伽罗僧七十余人西北行，经建那补罗、摩诃剌侘、跋禄羯呫婆、摩腊婆等至伐腊毗；复经苏剌侘、狼揭罗、信度等西印度诸国。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷四（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "至伐腊毘国。伽蓝百余所，僧徒六千余人，学小乘正量部法", "plain": "到达伐腊毗国。有寺院一百多所，僧徒六千多人，修学小乘正量部的教法。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东南西印度巡礼", "stay": "不详", "note": "此段所列国名甚多，其中部分或为听闻而非亲至，学界有讨论。" }, { "seq": 37, "year": { "text": "约638—640（推算，原文“停二年”）", "from": 639 }, "place": "钵伐多（今巴基斯坦旁遮普省，木尔坦东北）", "ll": [ 73.0, 31.5 ], "place_id": "xz-37", "event": "自茂罗三部卢（木尔坦）东北行至钵伐多，停二年学正量部《根本阿毘达摩》及《摄正法论》《教实论》。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷四（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "法师因停二年，就学正量部《根本阿毘达摩》及《摄正法论》、《教实论》等", "plain": "法师于是停留两年，学习正量部《根本阿毘达摩》以及《摄正法论》《教实论》等。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东南西印度巡礼", "stay": "二年", "note": "钵伐多比定未定，坐标据原文“茂罗三部卢东北七百余里”大致推定。" }, { "seq": 38, "year": { "text": "约640（推算）", "from": 640 }, "place": "低罗择迦寺（今比哈尔邦特尔哈拉）", "ll": [ 85.18, 25.27 ], "place_id": "xz-38", "event": "东南还摩揭陀那烂陀寺参礼戒贤后，往寺西三逾缮那的低罗择迦寺，从般若跋陀罗咨决疑问。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷四（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "法师就停两月，咨决所疑", "plain": "法师在那里停留两个月，请教解决心中的疑问。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "那烂陀", "stay": "两月", "note": "低罗择迦一般比定为今Telhara遗址。" }, { "seq": 39, "year": { "text": "约640—642初（推算）", "from": 640 }, "place": "杖林山（今比哈尔邦杰蒂安一带）", "ll": [ 85.22, 24.93 ], "place_id": "xz-39", "event": "从居士胜军论师学《唯识决择论》等，前后二年；梦文殊示警“十年后戒日王当崩，印度荒乱”，遂决意东归；正月与胜军同往菩提寺观佛舍利。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷四（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "法师就之，首末二年，学《唯识决择论》、《意义理论》、《成无畏论》", "plain": "法师跟随他前后两年，学习《唯识决择论》《意义理论》《成无畏论》。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "那烂陀", "stay": "二年", "note": "此后回那烂陀，与师子光辩《中》《百》与瑜伽义，作《会宗论》，又作《破恶见论》。" }, { "seq": 40, "year": { "text": "约642（贞观十六年，推算）", "from": 642 }, "place": "迦摩缕波（今阿萨姆邦古瓦哈蒂）", "ll": [ 91.75, 26.14 ], "place_id": "xz-40", "event": "东印度鸠摩罗王三度遣使并以象军踏平那烂陀相胁，戒贤劝行，玄奘遂赴迦摩缕波受供养月余；后戒日王索人，鸠摩罗王率象军船队送玄奘溯殑伽河至羯朱嗢祇罗（今拉杰马哈尔一带）与戒日王相会。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "至彼，王见甚喜，率群臣迎拜赞叹，延入宫", "plain": "到了那里，国王见到他非常高兴，率领群臣迎接礼拜赞叹，请进宫中。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "曲女城", "stay": "月余" }, { "seq": 41, "year": { "text": "642（贞观十六年）冬—643初", "from": 642 }, "place": "曲女城大会（今北方邦卡瑙季）", "ll": [ 79.92, 27.05 ], "place_id": "xz-41", "event": "戒日王在曲女城为玄奘召集五印度十八国王、僧俗数千人辩论大会，玄奘立论十八日无人能难，被大乘众尊为“大乘天”、小乘众尊为“解脱天”。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "自是邪徒戢翼，竟十八日无一人发论", "plain": "从此异见者收敛锋芒，整整十八天没有一个人出来发难。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "曲女城", "stay": "十八日以上", "note": "原文“自冬初共王逆河而进，至腊月方到会场”，年份按通行说定为642。" }, { "seq": 42, "year": { "text": "约643（贞观十七年）", "from": 643 }, "place": "钵逻耶伽大施场（今北方邦普拉亚格拉杰）", "ll": [ 81.88, 25.43 ], "place_id": "xz-42", "event": "随戒日王赴钵逻耶伽两河之间的第六次五年无遮大会，历七十五日；会后辞归，谢绝海路，决意从北路践高昌之约。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "至是，五年所积府库俱尽，唯留象、马、兵器", "plain": "到这时，五年积累的府库全部施尽，只留下象、马和兵器。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东归", "stay": "七十五日余" }, { "seq": 43, "year": { "text": "约643（贞观十七年）", "from": 643 }, "place": "乌铎迦汉荼城·信度河渡口（今巴基斯坦欣德/阿托克附近）", "ll": [ 72.43, 34.03 ], "place_id": "xz-43", "event": "随北印度乌地多王西北行，经憍赏弥、毘罗那拏、阇兰达、僧诃补罗、呾叉始罗；渡信度河时风浪骤起，失经五十夹及花种；迦毕试王来迎，停五十余日遣人往乌仗那补抄。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "遂失五十夹经本及花果种等，自余仅得保全", "plain": "于是丢失了五十夹经本和花果种子等，其余的勉强得以保全。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东归", "stay": "五十余日" }, { "seq": 44, "year": { "text": "约644（贞观十八年）", "from": 644 }, "place": "波谜罗川（帕米尔，今塔吉克斯坦大帕米尔佐尔库尔湖一带）", "ll": [ 73.72, 37.45 ], "place_id": "xz-44", "event": "随迦毕试王至蓝波、伐剌拏等国，度大雪山经安怛罗缚婆、活国（停一月）、钵铎创那、达摩悉铁帝，东行七百余里入波谜罗川。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "在两雪山间，又当葱岭之中，风雪飘飞，春夏不止", "plain": "位于两座雪山之间，又正当葱岭中部，风雪飘飞，春夏都不停止。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东归", "stay": "不详", "note": "大龙池一般比定为佐尔库尔湖（维多利亚湖）。" }, { "seq": 45, "year": { "text": "约644（贞观十八年）", "from": 644 }, "place": "朅盘陀（今新疆塔什库尔干）", "ll": [ 75.23, 37.77 ], "place_id": "xz-45", "event": "出波谜罗川至朅盘陀，停二十余日；东北行途遇群贼，驮经大象被逐溺死；出葱岭经乌铩至佉沙，再东南经斫句迦。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "逢群贼，商侣惊怖登山，象被逐溺水死", "plain": "遇到一群盗贼，商旅惊恐地逃上山，大象被追赶落水淹死。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东归", "stay": "二十余日" }, { "seq": 46, "year": { "text": "644（贞观十八年）", "from": 644 }, "place": "瞿萨旦那（于阗，今新疆和田）", "ll": [ 79.92, 37.11 ], "place_id": "xz-46", "event": "于阗王出迎；玄奘遣高昌人马玄智随商队入朝上表，陈述当年私往天竺之事，在于阗讲论并补抄失经，候敕七八月后奉诏东归。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "遂以贞观三年四月，冒越宪章，私往天竺", "plain": "于是在贞观三年四月，冒犯国法，私自前往天竺。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东归", "stay": "七八月", "note": "出发年月的“四月”与卷一“秋八月”之异见 years.json。" }, { "seq": 47, "year": { "text": "约644—645初（贞观十八至十九年）", "from": 644 }, "place": "纳缚波故国（楼兰故地，今新疆若羌罗布泊西北楼兰遗址一带）", "ll": [ 89.92, 40.52 ], "place_id": "xz-47", "event": "自于阗东行经媲摩城、尼壤城，入大流沙，经覩货逻故国、折摩驮那（沮末），东北千余里至楼兰故地，得入唐境。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "又东北行千余里，至纳缚波故国，即楼兰地，展转达于自境", "plain": "又往东北走一千多里，到达纳缚波故国，就是楼兰故地，辗转回到了本国境内。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东归", "stay": "不详", "note": "纳缚波比定为楼兰地从原文；此时玄奘或取道罗布泊南缘而非楼兰城本身，坐标仅示意。" }, { "seq": 48, "year": { "text": "645（贞观十九年）初", "from": 645 }, "place": "沙州（今甘肃敦煌）", "ll": [ 94.66, 40.14 ], "place_id": "xz-48", "event": "至沙州再次上表；时太宗在洛阳准备征辽，诏房玄龄派员迎接，玄奘倍道兼程而进。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "既至沙州，又附表。时帝在洛阳宫", "plain": "到达沙州后，又附上表文。当时皇帝在洛阳宫。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东归", "stay": "不详" }, { "seq": 49, "year": { "text": "645（贞观十九年）正月", "from": 645 }, "place": "长安（今陕西西安；都亭驿、朱雀街、弘福寺）", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "place_id": "changan", "event": "携经像抵长安西漕，房玄龄遣官迎入都亭驿；数日后经、像由朱雀街送至弘福寺，士庶夹道数十里。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷六（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "贞观十九年春正月景子，京城留守左仆射梁国公房玄龄等承法师赍经、像至", "plain": "贞观十九年春正月丙子日，京城留守、左仆射梁国公房玄龄等人得知法师带着佛经、佛像到来。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "东归", "stay": "短暂", "note": "原文“景子”即丙子，唐人避讳改“丙”为“景”。" }, { "seq": 50, "year": { "text": "645（贞观十九年）二月", "from": 645 }, "place": "洛阳宫仪鸾殿（今河南洛阳）", "ll": [ 112.45, 34.68 ], "place_id": "xz-50", "event": "赴洛阳谒见唐太宗，太宗问“师去何不相报”，详询西域风土，劝其还俗辅政，玄奘固辞；请往少林寺译经亦未获准，命还长安弘福寺。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷六（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "二月己亥，见于仪鸾殿，帝迎慰甚厚", "plain": "二月己亥日，在仪鸾殿觐见，皇帝迎接慰问非常优厚。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "译经", "stay": "数日" }, { "seq": 51, "year": { "text": "645—648（贞观十九年至二十二年）", "from": 645 }, "place": "长安弘福寺（今陕西西安）", "ll": [ 108.93, 34.28 ], "place_id": "xz-51", "event": "三月还居弘福寺，征召证义、缀文诸大德组织译场，开译《菩萨藏经》等；次年撰成《大唐西域记》十二卷进呈。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷六（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "三月己巳，法师自洛阳还至长安，即居弘福寺", "plain": "三月己巳日，法师从洛阳回到长安，就住进弘福寺。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "译经", "stay": "约四年" }, { "seq": 52, "year": { "text": "648（贞观二十二年）夏", "from": 648 }, "place": "玉华宫（今陕西铜川市印台区玉华镇）", "ll": [ 109.08, 35.28 ], "place_id": "xz-52", "event": "《瑜伽师地论》百卷译毕，太宗召赴玉华宫，御制《大唐三藏圣教序》；太宗晚年与玄奘谈论佛法，悔相逢恨晚。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷六（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "既至，见于玉华殿，甚欢", "plain": "到达之后，在玉华殿觐见，皇帝非常高兴。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "译经", "stay": "数月" }, { "seq": 53, "year": { "text": "648—658（贞观二十二年至显庆三年）", "from": 648 }, "place": "大慈恩寺（今陕西西安大雁塔）", "ll": [ 108.96, 34.22 ], "place_id": "xz-53", "event": "太子李治为文德皇后所建大慈恩寺落成，敕玄奘移居翻经院为上座；永徽三年于寺西院建五层砖塔（今大雁塔前身）安置经像。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷七（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "其新营道场宜名大慈恩寺，别造翻经院", "plain": "新建的道场应命名为大慈恩寺，另外建造翻经院。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "译经", "stay": "约十年（间随驾洛阳）", "note": "显庆二年随驾洛阳积翠宫译经并返乡改葬父母；显庆三年七月敕移居西明寺。" }, { "seq": 54, "year": { "text": "659（显庆四年）冬—664（麟德元年）二月", "from": 659 }, "place": "玉华寺（玉华宫改寺，今陕西铜川玉华镇）", "ll": [ 109.08, 35.28 ], "place_id": "xz-54", "event": "为专心翻译《大般若经》请往玉华宫，龙朔三年十月译毕六百卷；麟德元年正月因渡渠跌伤得病，二月五日夜半圆寂。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷十（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "即以四年冬十月，法师从京发向玉华宫", "plain": "就在显庆四年冬十月，法师从京城出发前往玉华宫。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "译经", "stay": "四年余", "note": "卒日原文作“至五日夜半”，前文为二月四日夜半，知为二月五日。" }, { "seq": 55, "year": { "text": "664（麟德元年）四月十四日", "from": 664 }, "place": "浐水之东白鹿原（今陕西西安灞桥区白鹿原西缘）", "ll": [ 109.05, 34.22 ], "place_id": "xz-55", "event": "门人遵遗命以籧篨舆奉灵柩还京，停慈恩寺翻经堂；四月葬于浐水之东，京畿送葬者百余万人。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷十（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "以四月十四日将葬浐之东", "plain": "在四月十四日将要安葬于浐水之东。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "译经", "note": "《续高僧传》明言“葬于白鹿原”，与慈恩传“浐之东”相合；墓址具体位置未详。" }, { "seq": 56, "year": { "text": "669（总章二年）四月八日", "from": 669 }, "place": "樊川北原（今陕西西安长安区兴教寺）", "ll": [ 108.98, 34.07 ], "place_id": "xz-56", "event": "因旧墓近京郊、高宗登高常见而伤感，敕迁葬樊川北原并营建塔宇，即今兴教寺玄奘塔所在。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷十（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "至总章二年四月八日，有勅徙葬法师于樊川北原，营建塔宇", "plain": "到总章二年四月八日，皇帝下敕将法师迁葬到樊川北原，并营建塔寺。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "phase": "译经", "note": "“兴教寺”之名不见于慈恩传，为后世寺名。" } ], "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] }, { "id": "qu_wentai", "name": "麴文泰", "dates": { "text": "?—640", "from": null, "to": 640 }, "role": "高昌国王（玄奘结义兄长、西行最大资助者）", "summary": "高昌麴氏王，曾随其父入隋朝觐。闻玄奘西行，遣使自伊吾迎至王城，强留不成，遂与之结为兄弟，约归途留住三年；资以沙弥四人、马三十匹、手力二十五人及二十年往返之资，并致书西突厥叶护可汗与沿途二十四国。贞观十四年（640）唐军伐高昌时病卒（见两《唐书》，慈恩传未载），玄奘东归时高昌已亡。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "629（贞观三年）", "from": 629 }, "place": "伊吾（今新疆哈密）", "ll": [ 93.51, 42.82 ], "event": "闻报即日发使迎请玄奘。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "王闻，即日发使，勅伊吾王遣法师来", "plain": "高昌王听说后，当天就派出使者，命令伊吾王送法师前来。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } }, { "year": { "text": "约630（贞观四年）", "from": 630 }, "place": "高昌王城（今吐鲁番高昌故城）", "ll": [ 89.53, 42.85 ], "event": "与玄奘结为兄弟并厚资送行。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷一（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "法师者是奴弟，欲求法于婆罗门国，愿可汗怜师如怜奴", "plain": "法师是我的弟弟，要去婆罗门国求法，希望可汗怜爱法师如同怜爱我一样。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } } ], "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "道宣《续高僧传》卷四《玄奘传》（CBETA T2060）", "quote": "高昌王曲文泰。特信佛经", "plain": "高昌王麴文泰，特别信奉佛经。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2060.xml" }, "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] }, { "id": "yehu_khagan", "name": "叶护可汗（通常比定为西突厥统叶护可汗）", "dates": { "text": "?—628（若为统叶护；卒年另有630说）", "from": null, "to": 628 }, "role": "西突厥可汗", "summary": "慈恩传称“突厥叶护可汗”，玄奘在素叶城逢其出猎。可汗于金花大帐接见，以葡萄浆代酒款待，劝玄奘勿往炎热的印度，后遣通汉语的摩咄达官持诸国书护送至迦毕试，其长子呾度设镇活国。一般比定为统叶护可汗，但其被杀年份（约628）早于629年出发说所推的会面时间，是玄奘出发年代争议的关键。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "约630（贞观四年）", "from": 630 }, "place": "素叶城（碎叶，今吉尔吉斯斯坦托克马克附近）", "ll": [ 75.2, 42.8 ], "event": "于牙帐接见玄奘并遣使护送。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "可汗出帐迎拜，传语慰问讫，入坐", "plain": "可汗走出大帐迎接礼拜，通过翻译慰问完毕，才请入座。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } } ], "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "至素叶城，逢突厥叶护可汗，方事畋游，戎马甚盛", "plain": "到达素叶城，遇到突厥叶护可汗正在打猎，兵马十分强盛。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] }, { "id": "jiexian", "name": "戒贤（尸罗跋陀罗 Śīlabhadra）", "dates": { "text": "生卒不详（玄奘抵寺时据《续高僧传》年百六岁）", "from": null, "to": null }, "role": "那烂陀寺住持，玄奘之师", "summary": "护法弟子，那烂陀寺众尊称“正法藏”而不直呼其名。相传久患风病欲绝食，梦菩萨告以当待支那僧来授《瑜伽论》，故见玄奘而悲喜交集。为玄奘讲《瑜伽师地论》十五月，赞同其归国翻译之志，劝其应鸠摩罗王之请。永徽年间（约654）玄奘致智光书中已悼其“无常”。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "约631/633—636（推算）", "from": 633 }, "place": "那烂陀寺（今比哈尔邦）", "ll": [ 85.44, 25.14 ], "event": "为玄奘讲《瑜伽师地论》。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷三（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "还归那烂陀寺，方请戒贤法师讲《瑜伽论》，同听者数千人", "plain": "回到那烂陀寺后，才请戒贤法师讲《瑜伽论》，一同听讲的有几千人。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } } ], "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "道宣《续高僧传》卷四《玄奘传》（CBETA T2060）", "quote": "年百六岁众所重故号正法藏", "plain": "年纪一百零六岁，受众人尊崇，所以称为正法藏。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2060.xml" }, "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] }, { "id": "shengjun", "name": "胜军（阇耶犀那 Jayasena）", "dates": { "text": "生卒不详", "from": null, "to": null }, "role": "杖林山居士论师", "summary": "苏剌侘国刹帝利种，先后从贤爱学因明、从安慧学声明及大小乘论、从戒贤学《瑜伽》，兼通外典。摩揭陀满胄王与戒日王先后请为国师、封邑，皆辞不受，隐居杖林山授徒。玄奘从学《唯识决择论》等二年，并同往菩提寺观舍利；玄奘向其述文殊示警之梦，胜军劝其自图去就。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "约640—641（推算）", "from": 640 }, "place": "杖林山（今比哈尔邦杰蒂安一带）", "ll": [ 85.22, 24.93 ], "event": "授玄奘《唯识决择论》等。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷四（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "从此复往杖林山居士胜军论师所", "plain": "从这里又前往杖林山居士胜军论师的住所。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } }, { "year": { "text": "约642正月（推算）", "from": 642 }, "place": "菩提寺（今菩提伽耶）", "ll": [ 84.99, 24.7 ], "event": "与玄奘同观佛舍利放光。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷四（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "西国法以此月菩提寺出佛舍利，诸国道俗咸来观礼，法师即共胜军同往", "plain": "按印度的规矩，这个月菩提寺要展出佛舍利，各国僧俗都来观礼，法师就和胜军一同前往。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } } ], "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷四（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "军本苏剌侘国人，刹帝利种也", "plain": "胜军原是苏剌侘国人，属刹帝利种姓。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] }, { "id": "harsha", "name": "戒日王（尸罗阿迭多 Śīlāditya / Harṣavardhana）", "dates": { "text": "约590—647（在位约606—647）", "from": null, "to": 647 }, "role": "羯若鞠阇国王，统一北印度", "summary": "其兄为东印度设赏迦王所害，大臣拥立之，雪兄仇而统一北印度，崇佛好施，五年一设无遮大会。先后闻玄奘之名，于羯朱嗢祇罗与之相见，问及《秦王破阵乐》；为玄奘召开曲女城大会，并邀其观钵逻耶伽七十五日大施，临别资送并以书令沿途诸国递送。慈恩传称其卒于“永徽之末”，与通行卒年647不合。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "约642（推算）", "from": 642 }, "place": "羯朱嗢祇罗（今拉杰马哈尔一带）", "ll": [ 87.84, 25.05 ], "event": "夜至行宫顶礼玄奘。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "既至，顶礼法师足，散花瞻仰", "plain": "到了之后，顶礼法师双足，散花瞻仰。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } }, { "year": { "text": "642（贞观十六年）", "from": 642 }, "place": "曲女城（今卡瑙季）", "ll": [ 79.92, 27.05 ], "event": "召开辩论大会。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "是日发勅告诸国及义解之徒，集曲女城，观支那国法师之论焉", "plain": "当天发布敕令通告各国和精通义理的人，聚集到曲女城，观听支那国法师的论说。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } }, { "year": { "text": "约643（推算）", "from": 643 }, "place": "钵逻耶伽大施场（今普拉亚格拉杰）", "ll": [ 81.88, 25.43 ], "event": "主持七十五日无遮大施。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "以故积集财宝，于钵罗耶伽国两河间立大会场", "plain": "因此积聚财宝，在钵罗耶伽国两河之间设立大会场。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } } ], "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷二（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "共立其弟尸罗阿迭多统承宗庙", "plain": "共同拥立他的弟弟尸罗阿迭多继承王位。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] }, { "id": "kumara", "name": "鸠摩罗王（拘摩罗王，童子王 Bhāskaravarman）", "dates": { "text": "生卒不详（活动于7世纪上半叶）", "from": null, "to": null }, "role": "东印度迦摩缕波国王", "summary": "闻被玄奘论屈的婆罗门称誉，三度遣使向戒贤请玄奘，甚至扬言发象军踏平那烂陀。玄奘至迦摩缕波受供养月余。戒日王索人，他先答“我头可得，法师未可即来”，旋惧而率象军二万、船三万艘送玄奘赴戒日王所，曲女城大会中作梵王形执宝盖侍佛像左，并欲为玄奘造百寺以留之。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "约642（推算）", "from": 642 }, "place": "迦摩缕波（今阿萨姆邦古瓦哈蒂）", "ll": [ 91.75, 26.14 ], "event": "迎玄奘入宫供养月余。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "东印度鸠摩罗王遣使奉书与戒贤法师", "plain": "东印度鸠摩罗王派使者带着书信呈给戒贤法师。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } }, { "year": { "text": "约642（推算）", "from": 642 }, "place": "羯朱嗢祇罗（今拉杰马哈尔一带）", "ll": [ 87.84, 25.05 ], "event": "率象军船队送玄奘会戒日王。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "即命严象军二万，乘船三万艘，共法师同发", "plain": "随即命令整备象军两万、船三万艘，与法师一同出发。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } } ], "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷五（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "我头可得，法师未可即来", "plain": "我的头可以给你，法师却不能立即送来。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] }, { "id": "tang_taizong", "name": "唐太宗李世民", "dates": { "text": "598—649", "from": 598, "to": 649 }, "role": "唐朝皇帝", "summary": "玄奘出发时唐初禁民出蕃，上表不许。玄奘归国后于洛阳宫仪鸾殿召见，不究私行之罪，详询西域事，屡劝其还俗辅政不成；命撰《大唐西域记》，为新译经论御制《大唐三藏圣教序》。晚年在玉华宫、翠微宫常与玄奘谈论佛理，叹“朕共师相逢晚”，贞观二十三年五月崩于翠微宫含风殿。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "645（贞观十九年）", "from": 645 }, "place": "洛阳宫（今河南洛阳）", "ll": [ 112.45, 34.68 ], "event": "召见归国的玄奘。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷六（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "帝曰：「师去何不相报？」", "plain": "皇帝说：“法师出行为什么不告诉朕？”", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } }, { "year": { "text": "648（贞观二十二年）", "from": 648 }, "place": "玉华宫（今陕西铜川）", "ll": [ 109.08, 35.28 ], "event": "撰《大唐三藏圣教序》。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷六（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "名《大唐三藏圣教序》，凡七百八十一字", "plain": "名为《大唐三藏圣教序》，共七百八十一字。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } }, { "year": { "text": "649（贞观二十三年）", "from": 649 }, "place": "翠微宫（今陕西西安长安区终南山黄峪）", "ll": [ 108.87, 34.0 ], "event": "崩于含风殿，玄奘陪侍。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷七（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "至五月己巳，微加头痛，留法师宿宫中。庚午，帝崩于含风殿", "plain": "到五月己巳日，皇帝略感头痛，留法师住在宫中。庚午日，皇帝在含风殿驾崩。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } } ], "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷七（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "朕共师相逢晚，不得广兴佛事", "plain": "朕与法师相逢太晚，没能大力兴办佛事。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] }, { "id": "tang_gaozong", "name": "唐高宗李治", "dates": { "text": "628—683", "from": 628, "to": 683 }, "role": "唐朝皇帝（慈恩传称“天皇大帝”）", "summary": "为太子时撰《述圣记》，为追念母亲文德皇后营建大慈恩寺，请玄奘为上座。即位后礼敬逾隆，亲撰并书《大慈恩寺碑》，请玄奘为皇子佛光王剃度，许其往玉华宫译《大般若经》。玄奘卒，罢朝哀叹“朕失国宝矣”，敕官给葬事；总章二年敕迁葬樊川。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "648（贞观二十二年）", "from": 648 }, "place": "大慈恩寺（今西安）", "ll": [ 108.96, 34.22 ], "event": "以太子身份营建大慈恩寺。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷七（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "皇太子以文德圣皇后早弃万方，思报", "plain": "皇太子因为母亲文德皇后早逝，想要报答母恩。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } }, { "year": { "text": "657（显庆二年）", "from": 657 }, "place": "洛阳积翠宫（今河南洛阳）", "ll": [ 112.45, 34.68 ], "event": "携玄奘随驾洛阳译经。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷九（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "二年春二月，驾幸洛阳宫，法师亦陪从", "plain": "显庆二年春二月，皇帝驾临洛阳宫，法师也随行。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } }, { "year": { "text": "664（麟德元年）", "from": 664 }, "place": "长安（今陕西西安）", "ll": [ 108.94, 34.26 ], "event": "闻玄奘卒而罢朝哀悼。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷十（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "帝闻之哀恸伤感，为之罢朝", "plain": "皇帝听说后十分悲痛，为此停止上朝。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } } ], "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷十（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "帝闻之哀恸伤感，为之罢朝曰：「朕失国宝矣！」", "plain": "皇帝听说后十分悲痛，为此停止上朝，说：“朕失去了国家的珍宝啊！”", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] }, { "id": "bianji", "name": "辩机", "dates": { "text": "?—约649", "from": null, "to": 649 }, "role": "译场缀文大德，《大唐西域记》撰文者", "summary": "长安会昌寺僧（西域记卷首题“大总持寺沙门”），贞观十九年应征入弘福寺译场为九位缀文大德之一，负责笔受润文。《大唐西域记》十二卷卷首题“玄奘奉诏译、辩机撰”，即由玄奘口述、辩机整理成文。据《新唐书·合浦公主传》，后因与高阳公主私事被太宗处死，约在贞观末年；此事不见于慈恩传。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "645（贞观十九年）", "from": 645 }, "place": "长安弘福寺（今陕西西安）", "ll": [ 108.93, 34.28 ], "event": "入玄奘译场任缀文。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷六（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "弘福寺沙门明𤀹、会昌寺沙门辩机、终南山丰德寺沙门道宣", "plain": "弘福寺僧明𤀹、会昌寺僧辩机、终南山丰德寺僧道宣。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } } ], "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "玄奘译、辩机撰《大唐西域记》卷一（CBETA T2087）", "quote": "三藏法师玄奘奉　诏译大总持寺沙门辩机撰", "plain": "三藏法师玄奘奉诏翻译、大总持寺僧人辩机撰文。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T51/T51n2087.xml" }, "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] }, { "id": "huili_yancong", "name": "慧立、彦悰", "dates": { "text": "慧立生卒不详（隋末唐初人）；彦悰活动于唐高宗、武后时期", "from": null, "to": null }, "role": "《大慈恩寺三藏法师传》作者", "summary": "慧立俗姓赵，豳州人，隋起居郎赵毅之子，应征入玄奘译场为缀文大德，永徽六年曾致书于志宁为玄奘辩护。他据亲见撰传五卷，藏于地窖，临终始命门人掘出，后散佚。彦悰搜得其本，于垂拱四年（688）续补为十卷并作笺序，即今《慈恩传》，为玄奘最详尽的原始传记。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "645（贞观十九年）", "from": 645 }, "place": "长安弘福寺（今陕西西安）", "ll": [ 108.93, 34.28 ], "event": "慧立应征入译场缀文。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷六（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "捿岩寺沙门道卓、豳州昭仁寺沙门慧立、洛州天宫寺沙门玄则等", "plain": "栖岩寺僧道卓、豳州昭仁寺僧慧立、洛州天宫寺僧玄则等人。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } }, { "year": { "text": "655（永徽六年）", "from": 655 }, "place": "长安大慈恩寺（今陕西西安）", "ll": [ 108.96, 34.22 ], "event": "慧立致书于志宁，为玄奘辩护。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷八（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "译经沙门慧立闻而慜之", "plain": "译经僧人慧立听说后很同情这件事。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } } ], "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》序（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "《传》本五卷，魏国西寺前沙门慧立所述", "plain": "这部传原本五卷，是魏国西寺原住僧慧立撰述的。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] }, { "id": "kuiji", "name": "窥基", "dates": { "text": "632—682（据《宋高僧传》）", "from": 632, "to": 682 }, "role": "玄奘弟子，法相唯识宗实际开创者", "summary": "俗姓尉迟，唐开国功臣尉迟敬德之侄，少年从玄奘出家，参与译场，与玄奘共同糅译《成唯识论》并撰《成唯识论述记》等，号“百本疏主”，后世尊为慈恩大师。慈恩传仅一见其名：龙朔三年《大般若经》译毕，玄奘命其奉表请高宗御制经序。生平事迹主要见于《宋高僧传》（非本地文本）。", "route": [ { "year": { "text": "663（龙朔三年）", "from": 663 }, "place": "玉华寺（今陕西铜川）", "ll": [ 109.08, 35.28 ], "event": "奉玄奘之命上表请御制《大般若经》序。", "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷十（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "令弟子窥基奉表奏闻，请御制经序", "plain": "命弟子窥基呈上表文奏报，请皇帝御制经序。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" } } ], "cite": { "grade": "A", "source": "慧立、彦悰《大唐大慈恩寺三藏法师传》卷十（CBETA T2053）", "quote": "令弟子窥基奉表奏闻，请御制经序", "plain": "命弟子窥基呈上表文奏报，请皇帝御制经序。", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cbeta-org/xml-p5/master/T/T50/T50n2053.xml" }, "topics": [ "xuanzang" ] } ] }